Question | Answer |
What are the two other names for the cardiovascular system? | blood-vascular system, and circulatory system |
What make up the cardiovascular system? | the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatics |
What role does the circulation of blood play? | Nutrients and other essential materials pass from capillary blood into fluids surrounding the cells as waste products are removed |
How does oxygen get into the blood? | Blood transports oxygen from the lungs to body tissue and transports carbon dioxide from body tissues back to the lungs to be exhaled |
Name the two systems of blood vessels | Pulmonary and systemic |
What is the path of the pulmonary vessels? | It transports blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium |
What is the path of the systemic system? | It carries blood from the left ventricle to the tissues in all parts of the body and returns the blood to the right atrium |
Where do arteries carry blood? | Away from the heart |
What is the role of capillaries? | They form the connection between arteries and veins; they allow the exchange of materials between blood and tissue cells |
Where do veins carry blood? | Toward the heart |
How many layers do veins and arteries have? | Three |
What do venous valves do? | They exist in medium and large veins to prevent the backflow of blood that would occur due to gravity |
What is a pulse? | the rhythmic expansion of an artery that is caused by ejection of blood from the ventricle |
What is blood pressure? | Arterial blood pressure; the pressure in the aorta and its branches. |
What is systolic pressure? | Pressure during ventricular contraction (when the heart beats) |
What is diastolic pressure? | Pressure when the heart is at rest |
What are the three layers of the heart? | epicardium, myocardium, endocardium |
What are the four chambers of the heart? | right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle |
What are the two types of valves in the heart? | atrioventricular valves, and semilunar valves |
How do substances pass through the capillary wall? | diffusion, filtration, and osmosis |