Question | Answer |
Where is the heart located? | media stinum |
2/3 of the heart on the ________ side; 1/3 of the heart on the __________ side. | Left, Right |
The base of heart is made up of ___________ called ______ and ____________. | Vessels; aorta and apex |
Four chambers of the heart | R/L atrium; R/L ventricle |
Apex is made up of | L ventricle |
APical pulse | 5th intercostal rib |
Atria | Receive blood from lungs and body |
Ventricles | Pump blood to lungs and body |
Which artery is only one w/ deoxygenated blood? | Pulmonary Artery |
Valves purpose is to | Prevent back flow |
The common wall between right and left side of the heart | Septum |
What type of blood is found on right side of the heart? | Deoxygenated |
What type of blood is in left side of the heart? | Oxygenated |
What is the function is the coronary arteries? | Supply blood to the heart muscle |
Condition where lack of blood supply, partially blocked and considered and injury is | Ischema |
Complete lack of blood supply to the heart | Myocardial Infarction |
What causes heart sounds? | The opening and closing of the valves |
Myocardium | Middle muscular of the heart, most important |
Endocardium | Innermost layer of the sac lining the heart surface w thin tight covering (visceral pericardium) |
Pericardium | Double walled membranous sac; parietal peri. Fluid between layers protects |
Layer responsible for contraction and relaxation action of the heart | Myocardium |
Layer that lines the vessels, valves and ventricles | Endocardium |
Tricuspid valve is located | Between R atrium and R ventricle |
Bicuspid Vale aka Mitral is located | Between L atrium and L ventricle |
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve is located | Between R ventricle and pulmonary artery |
Aortic Semilunar Valve is located | Between aorta and L Ventricle |
The system of the heart is called | Conduction system |
Primary pacemaker of the heart that sets speed and rhythm, located upper side of R atrium | SA Node |
HR below 60 | Bradycardia |
HR above 100 | Tachycardia |
Starts working when SA node stops; aka gatekeeper | AV Node |
Small fibers located in ventricular walls | Purkinjie Fibers |
NOrmal inherent rate of SA Node | 60-100 BPM |
Inherent rate of AV Node | 40-60 BPM |
Inherent rate of Purkinjie fibers | 20-40 BPM |
How the impulses travel through the heart is called the | Conduction pathway |
How long is the delay when impulse reaches AV node | 1/10 of a second |
Responsible for conduction system | Electrical cells |
Responsible for contraction and relaxation | Mechanical cells |
Ability of myo.card cells to generate and maintain heart rhythm w/o external stimuli | Automaticity |
Ability of myo.card. Cells to respond to an impulse | Excitability |
Ability of myo.card. Cells to respond to an impulse by pumping action | Contract ability |
Ability of myo.card. Cells to relay an impulse to neighboring cells | Conductivity |
The junction all escape rhythm | AV node |
Idioventrial rhythm | Purkinjie fibers |
Difference of the charge across the cell membrane results in depolarization and depolarization | Action potential |
Polarization | Resting state of myocardial cells |
Depolarization | The electrical current state ions move across cell membrane more positive inside. Results in contraction of cell |
Repolarization | Ions return back to their original charge, results in relaxation of the cell |
SA node is working it is called | NOrmal Sinus rhythm (NSR) |
SA fails and AV or PF take over it is called | Escape Rhythm |
fluid within sac of pericardium | pericadial fluid |
heart contracts in which phase? | systole |
heart rests in which phase? | diastole |
SA node is located | upper side of R atrium |
largest veins in body are | Superior Venacava |
two upper chambers are __________________ and function as ______________ chambers | R & L atrium; receiving |
two lower chambers are called _______________ and function as _________________ chambers | ventricles; pumping |
outer layer of heart | epicardium |
heart has how many layers? | 3 |