Question | Answer |
Tissue | Groups of similar cells are organized into tissue |
The study of tissue is | Histology |
4 major types of tissue | Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous |
Function of Epithelial | Protection
Secretion
Absorption
Excretion |
Connective tissue function | Binds, supports, fills, stores fat, produces blood cells |
Muscle tissue function | Movement |
Nervous tissue function | Conducts impulsive |
3 intercellular junctions | Tight junction
Desmosomes
Gap junctions |
Tight junction function and example | Epithelial and close space between cell by fusing cell membranes
Lines the small intestine |
Desmosomes function and example | Epithelial and binds cell by forming "spot welds" between cell membrane
Outer skin layer |
Gap junction function and example | Form tubular channels between cell that allow exchange of substance
Cardiac muscle |
General info on epithelial tissue | Covers organs and body surface
Lines cavities and shallow organs
Makes up glands
Goes under mitosis A LOT and rapidly |
Simple Squamos location and function | Lungs ; diffusion and filtration |
Simple cuboidal location and function | Kidneys ; secretion and absorption |
Simple columnar location and function | Digestive tract (stomach, intestines) ; secretion and absorbtion |
Pseudostratified columnar location and function | Respiratory tract. ; protection
Has cilia |
Stratified squamous location and function | Many layer in skin ; protection |
Stratified custodial | |
Stratified columnar | Protection ; lines male urethra |
Transitional | Urinary bladder ; protection
Changes shapes |
Glandular epithelial | Compose of cells that produce and secrete substance into ducts or body fluid |
2 types of glands | Endocrine glands
Exocrine glands |
Endocrine glands | Secrete into tissue fluid or blood |
Excorine glands | Secretes into ducts that open onto surface |
2 structural types of exorine glands | Unicellular
Multicellular |
Unicellular | Compose of one cell. Such as goblet cell |
goblet cell does what | Secrete mucus |
Multicellular | Compose of many cells
Example ; sweat and salivary gland
Simple and compound |
Epithelial tissue doesn't have bloood vessels which is | A vascular |
Connective tissue provides | Nutrients to epithelial |
Connective tissue is where? | Under epithelial |
Merocrine glands and location | Secrete fluid by exocytosis
Salivary and swat glands and pancreas |
apocrine gland and location | lose small part of cell during secretion
Mammary and ceruminous glands (ear wax) |
Holocrine gland and location | Release entire cells filled with product
Sebaceous gland |
Connective tissue general info | Most abundant tissue type
Cells are farther apart then epithelial cells
Stores fat
Contains matrix betweeen cells |
Matrix is | Stuff around cell
Ranges from liquid to solid
Often has fibers presented |
Most connective tissue has _____ blood supply | Good/excellent |
Major cell types of connective tissue | Fibroblast cell
Macrophages
Master cell |
Fibroblast | Makes fibers into matrix |
Macrophages | Defense against infection |
Master cell | Promotes inflammation to promote healing |
Major fibers in Connective tissue | Collagen fibers
Elastic (yellow) fibers
Reticular fibers |
Collagen fibers | Very strong |
Elastic fibers | Stretchy |
Reticular fibers | Thins and branches
In walls of spleen and liver |
Areolar (loose) connective tissue
Location
Function
Fibers
Cell types
Vascularity | Fibroblast cells
Under/in skin
Binds and is filler
Between muscle
Good blood supply
Fibers are Collagen |
Adipose
Location
Function
Fibers
Cell types
Vascularity | Behind eyes / under skin
Cushion, insulates, stores
Adipocyte stores fat |
Adipocytes | Fat cells |
Reticular connective tissue
Location
Function
Fibers
Cell types
Vascularity | Thin reticular fibers
Supports walls of internal organs
Walls of liver and spleen |
Dense regular | Worse blood supply
Closely packed collagenous fibers
Few blood vessels
Tendons and ligaments
Slow to heal |
Dense irregular | Fibers going in different directions
Plenty of blood vessels
Dermis of skin
Fast healing |
Dense elastic | In walls of arteries
Stretchy
In aordia artery |
Cartilage | Flexible support
Poor blood supply
Has chondrocytes and lacunae surround matrix |
Chondrocytes | Cartilage cell |
Lacunae | Chambers (holes) in the cartilage |
3 types of cartilage | Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage |
Hyaline | Collagen fibers
Ends of bones
Flexible support |
Elastic cartilage | Outer ear
More flexible support
Elastic fibers |
Fibrocartliage | Between vertebrae
Cartilage pads in knee
Stronger support |
Bone | Has lacunae
Support
Skeletal
Good active blood supply |
Blood | Liquid
Transportation |
Osteocytes | Bone cell |
Serous membranes | Line closed body cavities
Wet -> serous fluid
Thin simple squamous and areolar |
Mucous membranes | Lines open body cavities
Ex; mouth
Wet -> mucus
Epithelial and areolar |
Cutaneous membranes | Dry
Stratified squamous
Areolar and dense irregular |
Synovial membranes | Lines joint cavities
Only connective tissue
Wet -> synovial |
Muscular tissues | Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth |
Skeletal tissue | Voluntary and moves body |
Cardiac | Involuntary and moves blood
Heart |
Smooth | Involuntary and walls of hallow organs |
Nervous | Nerves brain spinal cord
Transmits implusives |