Term | Definition |
trunk | ribs to pelvis |
antebrachium | lower arm |
brachium | upper arm |
manus | hand |
carpus | wrist |
metacarpus | palm |
digits | fingers and toes |
clunes | gluteals |
crus | lower leg |
pes | foot |
tarsus | ankle |
metatarsus | flat of foot |
cranial cavity | holds the brain |
thoracic cavity | holds the lungs and heart |
abdominopelvic cavity | holds the organs |
dorsal | back surface |
ventral | front surface |
posterior | behind |
anterior | in front of |
superior | above |
inferior | below |
medial | towards the midline |
lateral | away from the midline |
proximal | towards point of origin |
distal | away from point of origin |
cranial | head |
caudal | tail |
sagittal plane | divides the body into right and left parts |
frontal plane | divides the body into front and back parts |
transverse plane | divides the body into top and bottom parts |
osteoblast | bone forming or depositing cell |
osteocyte | bone regulating or monitoring cell |
osteoclast | cell responsible for breaking down bone |
collagen | What gives bone its tensile strength? |
bone salts | What contributes to the hardness of bone? |
compact bone | bone cover |
periosteum | envelops the bone, except where it articulates with other bones |
articular cartilage | cushions articular ends of bones to reduce friction |
diaphysis | bone shaft |
epiphysis | bone ends |
medullary cavity | hollow center of diaphysis - marrow cavity |
nutrient foramen | openings in the bone that carry blood vessels to the bone tissue |
crest | a bony ridge |
facet | small, smooth surface of bone - usually an articular surface |
foramen | hole in a bone |
fossa | shallow depression or concavity in bone |
notch | an indentation in the margin or edge of a bone |
process | projection or outgrowth of a bone |
tubercle | mound-like projections of bone |
annulus fibrosis | What is the name of an intervertebral disc's inner layer? |
nucleus pulposus | What is the name of an intervertebral disc's outer layer? |