Term | Definition |
Cardiac muscle | Involuntary, appear striped or striated, found only in heart |
Smooth muscle | Involuntary, non-striated, found in the digestive tract, blood vessels, bladder ,Airways ,and uterus |
Skeletal muscle | Voluntary, appears markedly striated, attached to Bone and causes movement of the body |
Deltoid | abducts flexes and rotates the arm involved in swinging the arm |
Pectoralis major | flexes and adducts the upper arm such as when climbing or hugging |
Rectus abdominis | Flexes the lumbar region of the spinal cord to cause bending at the waist |
Frontalis | Raises the eyebrows |
Sternocleidomastoid | Flexes the head |
Muscles used for breathing | the external intercostals the internal intercostals and diaphragm |
Trapezius | raises and lowers the shoulders |
Latissimus dorsi | Adducts the humerus extends the upper arm backward such as when running or swimming |
Brachialis | Prime mover when flexing the forearm |
Triceps brachii | Prime mover when extending the forearm |
Iliopsoas | Flexes the thigh |
Sartorius | Longest muscle in the body aids in flexion of the hip and knee |
Quadriceps femoris | most powerful muscle in body |
Gastrocnemius | The more superficial muscle bulging calf muscle |
External intercostals | Elevate the ribs during inspiration |
Internal intercostals | Depress the ribs during forced exhalation |
Diaphragm | Enlarges the thorax to trigger inspiration |
Prime mover | Main muscle triggering movement |
Synergist | Muscles that assist with movement |
Atrophy | Lack of muscle use cause muscle to shrink |
Incomplete tetanus | Condition of Rapid contraction with only partial relaxation |
Threshold | Minimum voltage needed to cause muscle fiber contraction |
Muscle fiber | Skeletal muscle cell |
Epimysium | Layer of connective tissue that surrounds the muscle as a whole and binds all the muscle fibers together |
Tendons | Strong cords of fibrous connective tissue |
muscles attached to Bones by | Tendons |
Myofibril | long protein bundles that fill the sacroplasm store glycogen and oxygen |
Muscle tone | a continuous state of partial muscle contraction in which muscles are at their own optimal resting length |
Motor unit | A new run motor and all the fibers it stimulates |
Contraction force is affected by | Muscle size degree of stretch and number of muscle fibers Contracting |
Muscle contraction requires | ATP and calcium |
Skeletal muscle contraction requires | The stimulation by a motor neuron |