System/Medical Specialty | Structures | Functions |
Musculoskeletal system
Orthopedics
Orthopedic surgery | bones, joints, muscles | Skeleton supports and protects the body, forms blood cells, and stores minerals. Muscles produce movement. |
Cardiovascular system
Cardiology | Heart, arteries, veins | Pumps blood throughout the entire body to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes. |
Blood (Hematic) system
Hematology | Plasma, erthrocytes, leukocytes, patelets | Transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and controls bleeding. |
Lymphatic system
Immunology | Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen , thymus gland, tonsils | Protects the body from disease and invasion from pathogens. |
Respiratory system
Otorhinolaryngology
Pulmonology
Thoracic surgery | Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs | obatains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the body. |
Digestive or Gastrointestinal system
Gastroenterology
Proctology | Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, salivary glands | Ingest, digests, and absorbs nutrients for the body |
Urinary system
Nephrology
Urology | Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra | Filters waste products out of the blood and removes them from the body. |
Female Reproductive system
Gynecology
Obestetics | Ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, breasts | Produces eggs for reproduction and provideds place for growing baby |
Integumentary system
Dermatology | Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sevaceous glands | forms protective two-way barrier and aids in temperature regulation |
Male Reproductive system
Urology | Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, penis, seminal sesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland | Produces sperm for reproduction |
Endocrine system
Endocrinology | Pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes | Regulates metabolic activities of the body |
Nervous system
Neurology
Neurosurgery | Brain, spinal cord, nerves | Receives sensory information and coordinates the body's response |
Special Senses
Ophthalmology | eye | Vision |
Otorhinolaryngology | ear | Hearing and balance |
Sagittal Plane
(Median Plane) | Divides the body left and right | |
Frontal Plane
(Coronal Plane) | Divides the body front and back | |
Transverse Plane
(Horizontal Plane) | Divides the body in upper and lower portions | |
Trunk | the torso | |
Cephalic region | The entire head | |
Cervical region | The neck (connects the head to the trunk) | |
Thoracic region | The chest | |
Abdominal region | The stomach area
(genital) | |
Pelvic region | The pelvic area below the belly button
(genital) | |
Pubic region | The genital area | |
Dorsum | The back area | |
Vertebral region | The spine | |
Gluteal region | The buttock | |
Brachial region | The arms | |
Crual region | The legs | |
Upper extremities (UE) | Attach to the trunk | |
Lower extemities (LE) | Attach to the trunk | |
Dorsal body cavity | Cranial cavity
Spinal cavity | |
Ventral body cavity | Thoracic cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity | |
Cranial cavity | Brain | |
Spinal cavity | Spinal cord | |
Thoracic cavity | Pleural cavity: Lungs
Percardial cavity: Heart
Medistinum: Heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland, aorta | |
Abdominal cavity | Stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and portions of the small intestines and colon | |
Pelvic cavity | Urinary bladder, urethra, and portions of the small intestines and colon
Female: uterus, ovaries, falopian tubes, vagina
Male: prostate gland, seminal vesicles, portion of the vas deferens | |