Term | Definition |
errors of refraction | condition in which the image is not focused on the retina w/ 4 conditions: myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, presbyopia, and emmatropia. |
myopia | nearsightedness (focused in front of retina) |
hyperopia | farsightedness (focused behind the retina) |
astigmatism | blurred vision (due to irregular cornea curvature) |
presbyopia | old age/ farsightedness (treated w/ reading glasses) |
emmatropia | normal vision (focused on retina) |
otorhinolaryngology | the study of ear, nose and throat |
otorhinolaryngologist | a physician specialized treating diseases of ear, nose & throat |
ophthalmology | the study of eye's disease |
ophthalmologist | a physician specialized in eye's disease |
optometry | the study of eye's measurement |
optometrist | specialist prescribed glasses and contact lenses |
strabismus | misalignment of the eyes include 2 types: estropia and exotropia |
estropia | inward deviation |
exotropia | outward deviation |
amblyopia | lazy eye syndrome |
cataract | cloudy lens, opacities in the eye lens |
glaucoma | increased intraocular pressure due to excessive secretion of the Aqueous Humor |
conjunctivitis | aka pink eye, inflammation of conjunctiva |
blepharitis | inflammation of the eyelids |
macular degeneration | degeneration of the macula that might lead to loss of vision |
retinopathy | any disease that affects the retina or retinal blood vessels |
exophthalmos | protrusion/ bulging of the eyeballs |
nystagmus | involuntary movement of eyeballs |
papilldema | edema or swelling in the optic disc due to increase intracranial pressure (ICP) |
blepharoptosis | falling/ drooping of the eyelids |
photophobia | excessive sensitivity to light |
trachoma | chronic contagious conjunctivitis that might lead to blindness if not treated |
otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear |
otitis externa | inflammation of the external/ outer ear |
labyrinthitis | inflammation of the inner ear |
tinnituss | ringing or hissing sound in the ear |
osteosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the small bones of the middle ear |
vertigo | feeling of spinning or dizziness |
presbycusis | decreased sense of hearing as result of old age ( treating w/ hearing aid devices) |
anacusis | deafness or loss of hearing |
audiometry | measuring the hearing acuity |
tonometry | measuring the intraocular pressure |
opthalmoscopy | visual examination of the inside of the eye |
retinoscopy | visual examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye |
gonioscopy | examination of the anle of the anterior chamber of the eye |
otoscopy | visual examination of the outer ear & the typmpanic membrane |
blepharectomy | surgical removal of the eyelid |
blephroplasty | surgical repair of the eyelid |
keratotomy | making incision in the cornea, treatment for the nearsightedness |
sclerostomy | making an opening in the sclera |
otoplasty | surgical repair of the ear |
cochlear implant | a device inserted inside the ear to treat deafness (bionic ear) |
myringotomy/ tympanotomy | making an incision in the eardrum (tympanic onmembrane) |
enucleation | surgical removal of the eyeball completely |
evisceration | removal of the content of the eye and leaving the sclera |