Term | Definition |
ureter | connects kidneys to bladder |
3 functions of the kidneys | 1. Filtration
2. Reabsorbtion
3. Secretion |
Filtration | -work done by the nephron on the blood
-water, wastes, and other substances form filtrate |
Reabsorbtion | -occurs in the network of tubules within the kidneys
-99% of water is reabsorbed and returned to bloodstream
-good material is reabsorbed back into the body |
Secretion | -waste products from filtrate are mixed with water to make urine
-urine is secreted from tubules into calyx, then into the renal pelvis
-from there it goes into the ureters, stored in the bladder, and then emptied through the urethra out of the body |
renal pelvis | located at the top portion of the ureter |
nephron | -functional unit of kidney
-1 million / kidney
-Bowman's capsule (glomerular) and glomurulus |
glomerulonephritis | -aka glomerular disease
-inflammation of the kidneys that primarily affects glomeruli |
bladder | -can store 16 oz / 500 mL of Urine |
physical characteristics of urine | -clear, not cloudy
-straw colored
-mildly aromatic odor
-slightly acidic pH of 6 |
hilum | -located on the curved-in portion of the kidney
-contains the calyx and renal pelvis |
anuria | absence of urination |
oliguria | scanty or little urination |
polyuria | excessive urination |
cystitis | inflammation of bladder |
dysuria | painful, burning, or difficult urination |
incontinence | lack of urinary control
-stress
-overactive bladder
-urge
-overflow
-enursis (while sleeping)
-transient |
renal calculi | kidney stones which cause obstructive disorder of the kidney |
lithotripsy | shock waves used to break up stones (renal calculi) in the body |
renal colic | pain that's caused by kidney stones |
ESRP | -End-stage renal disease
-qualifies for Medicare
-last stage of kidney failure |
dietary restrictions for those prone to kidney stones | control intake of foods containing calcium and oxalate |
calcium-containing foods | dairy, leafy, dark green vegetables, almonds, and sardines |
oxalate-containing foods | beets, chocolate, tea, coffee, cola, nuts, rhubarb, strawberries, wheat bran, |
renal medulla | inner layer of kidney |
renal cortex | outer layer of kidney |
papilla open into this structure | renal calyx |
Inside a nephron is the renal corpuscle which contains: | -Bowman's capsule
-glomerulus |
urethra | tube that carries urine from the body |
nocturia | urination at nite |
nephritis | kidney infection |
bacteria | causes a UTI |
micturition | urination |
500 mL | how much urine a bladder can hold |