Question | Answer |
Describe capillaries | - join the arterial system with the venous system
- most significant of blood vessels
- provide cells with vital products
- remove waste products from cells |
Describe the heart | - a hollow, muscular organ lying in the mediastinum that propels blood to entire body |
Describe the SA node | - located in upper portion of right atrium
- has own built-in rhythm
- initiate & transmit each heartbeat
- sets basic pace for cardiac rate |
How do veins return blood to the heart? | - skeletal muscle contraction
- gravity
- respiratory activity
- valves |
How is blood supplied to the heart muscle? | coronary arteries |
Name the factors that influence blood pressure | - resistance of blood flow
- pumping action of heart
- viscosity of blood
- elasticity of artery
-quantity of blood |
Name the four structures responsible for electrical conduction of the heart | - sinoatrial node
- atrioventricular node
- bundle of His
-Purkinje fibers |
Name the three layers of the heart | - endocardium
- myocardium
- epicardium |
What are the three layers of artery walls? | - tunica externa
- tunica media
- tunica intima |
What are the three major types of blood vessels? | - arteries
- veins
- capillaries |
What are valves? | small structures within the veins that prevent the backflow of blood |
What is endocarditis? | inflammation of the inner lining of the heart and its valves |
What type of blood do arteries carry? | oxygenated blood |
What type of blood do veins carry? | deoxygenated blood |
Where is each heart valve? | - tricuspid valve - right atruium & right ventricle
- pulmonic valve - pulmonary artery & right vetricle
- mitral (bicuspid) valve - left atrium & left ventricle
- aortic semilunar (aortic) valve - aorta & left ventricle |