Question | Answer |
the preganglionic nerve fibre is longer than post ganglionic fibre | parasympathetic reflex arc |
The postganglionic fibre of__________always secrete acetylcholine as nuerotransmitter | parasympathetic |
postganglionic fibre of_____________mostly secrete norepinephrine or epinephrine as nuerotransmitter | sympatheic reflex arc |
example postganglionic sympatehtic that secrete acetylcholine | sweat glands, pilorectal muscles and FEW blood vessels |
AnatomicalLocation:Thoracic/Lumbar | Sympathetic |
AnatomicalLocation:Cranial/Sacral | Parasympathetic |
PreganglionicFibers are _____ in Sympathetic | Short |
Emergency situations, where the body needs a sudden burst of energy, are handled by the __________? | sympathetic system |
The ________ system increases cardiac output and pulmonary ventilation, routes blood to the muscles, raises blood glucose and slows down digestion, kidney filtration and other functions not needed during emergencies | sympathetic |
The _________ system promotes normal maintenance of the body- acquiring building blocks and energy from food and getting rid of the wastes | parasympathetic |
It promotes secretions and mobility of different parts of the digestive tract and involved in urination, defecation. | parasympathetic |
the_____ nerve (cranial number 10) is the chief parasympathetic nerve | vagus |
Other cranial parasympathetic nerves are: | III (oculomotor), VII (facial) and IX (glossopharyngeal) |
The _______ is involved in the coordination of ANS responses | hypothalamus |
The________is an Extension of the Sympathetic Nervous System | Adrenal Medulla |
The_________ behaves like a combined autonomic ganglion and postsynaptic sympathetic nerve | adrenal medulla |
Releases both norepinephrine and epinephrine in emergency situations | adrenal medulla |
One section of the_______seems to control many of the "fight or flight" responses; another section favors "rest and digest" activities | hypothalamus |
sexual intercourse/promotes erection | parasympathetic |
Eye | Parasympathetic Response Iris constricts Adjusts for near vision Sympathetic ResponseIris dilatesAdjusts for far vision |
Lung Bronchioles | Parasympathetic Constriction Sympathetic Dilation |
Liver Glycogen/ No effect | Parasympathetic |
Fat Tissue/Breakdown of fatBlood fatty acids increase | Sympathetic |
Basal Metabolism /Increases ~ 2X | Sympathetic |
Stomach /Increased secretion of HCl & digestive enzymesIncreased motility | Parasympathetic |
Stomach/Decreased secretion Decreased motility | Sympathetic response |
Urinary bladder/Relaxes sphincterDetrusor muscle contractsUrination promoted | Parasympathetic Response |
Urinary bladder/constricts sphincterRelaxes detrusorUrination inhibited | Sympathetic response |
Rectum/Relaxes sphincterContracts wall musclesDefecation promoted | Parasympathetic Response |
Rectum/Constricts sphincterRelaxes wall musclesDefecation inhibited | Sympathetic response |
Kidney/Decreased urine secretion | Sympathetic |
Kidney/Increased urine secretion | Parasympathetic Response |
sexual intercourse/ produces ejaculation | sympathetic |
sympathetic, glands - lacrimal, salivary | inhibits --> dry mouth + dry eyes |
Parasympathetic, glands - lacrimal, salivary | stimulates |
Parasympathetic, skin sweat glands | no effect |
liver/stimulates release of glucose | sympathetic |
blood vessels/constricts most, relaxes aortic | sympathetic |
Blood flow to skeletal muscles, the lung is not only maintained, but enhanced (by as much as 1200%, in the case of skeletal muscles). Dilates pupils and relaxes the lens, allowing more light to enter the eye. | Sympathetic |