Question | Answer |
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) | method of artificial respiration and chest compressions to move oxygenated blood to vital body organs when breathing and the heart have stopped |
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continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy | use of a device with a mask that pumps a constant pressurized flow of air through the nasal passages; commonly used during sleep to prevent airway closure in sleep apnea |
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endotracheal intubation | passage of a tube into the trachea via the nose or mouth to open the airway for delivering gas mixtures to the lungs (e.g., oxygen, anesthetics, or air) |
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incentive spirometry | a common postoperative breathing therapy using a specially designed spirometer to encourage the patient to inhale and hold an inspiratory volume to exercise the lungs and prevent pulmonary complications |
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mechanical ventilation | mechanical breathing using a ventilator |
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antibiotic | a drug that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms |
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anticoagulant | a drug that dissolves, or prevents the formation of, thrombi or emboli in the blood vessels (e.g., heparin) |
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antihistamine | a drug that neutralizes or inhibits the effects of histamine |
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histamine | a compound in the body that is released by injured cells during allergic reactions, inflammation, and so on, causing constriction of bronchial smooth muscle and dilation of blood vessels |
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bronchodilator | a drug that dilates the muscular walls of the bronchi |
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expectorant | a drug that breaks up mucus and promotes coughing |