Term | Definition |
radical totalitarian dictatorship | regime whose purpose is to gain TOTAL control over the masses of people and mobilize them to CHANGE society |
New Economic Policy | Lenin's program of limited economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry |
nationalization | when the government takes over all industrial production |
collectivization | when the government takes over all agricultural production |
Five Year Plans | Stalin's plans of forced nationalization and collectivization whose purpose it was to stimulate the Soviet economy |
Lebensraum | literally means "living space"; idea that Germany needed to expand its territory |
Weimar Republic | government of Germany from 1919 to 1933 |
Dachau | 1st Nazi concentration camp; created to imprison political opponents of Nazis |
SS | originally Hitler's "protection squads"; later ran concentration and death camps |
Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact | agreement that allowed Hitler to avoid a two front war and gave Germany and the USSR pieces of Poland |
appeasement | British policy of granting Hitler most things he wanted in order to avoid war |
Francisco Franco | dictator of Spain |
Munich Conference | meeting in which the Sudetenland was given to Hitler and Nazi Germany |
Vichy France | French government that was friendly to the Nazis after the German defeat of France |
Operation Barbarossa | German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 |
Battle of Stalingrad | turning point of the war on the eastern front; Soviet victory |
Nuremberg Laws | laws that defined who a Jew was and that denied German Jews of their citizenship |
Kristallnacht | 1938; first organized attack on German Jews; resulted in Jewish emigration |
Auschwitz | largest of 6 Nazi death camps in Poland |
John Maynard Keynes | British economist who argued for more government intervention during economic downturns |
Popular Front | partnership of socialists, communists, and moderates to fight off fascists in France |
Roma | nomadic group; known as Gypsies; subject to Nazi racial persecution |
Wannsee Conference | meeting at which the mass murder of European Jews was organized |
Winston Churchill | British Prime Minister during World War II |
Blitzkrieg | "lightning war"; new method of warfare meant to avoid static war of World War I |
kulaks | capitalist peasants in Ukraine; killed off by Stalin |
gulag | Soviet work camp |
Guernica | Picasso's famous painting depicting bombing of Basque town in Spain during Spanish Civil War |
Joseph Goebbels | Nazi Minister of Propaganda |
Leni Riefenstahl | German filmmaker and propagandist for the Nazis |