| Question | Answer |
| Secretagogues MOA | stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin |
| Sulfonylureas | glyburide: Low BG
glipizide: weight gain
glimepiride |
| Meglitinides | repaglinide: low BG
nateglinide: headaches |
| Biguanides MOA | decrease hepatic glucose production |
| Biguinides meds | Metformin: N/D, metallic taste, lactic acidosis
Combo pills can cause above + hypoglycemia |
| Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors MOA | slows carbohydrate absorption in intestines |
| alpha-glucosidase inhibitors meds | acarbose: N/D, gas
Miglitol |
| TZDs MOA | improves peripheral insulin sensitivity |
| TZDs meds | pioglitazone: bladder CA, CHF, liver
rosiglitazone: increase risk of MI and fracture |
| Incretins (DPP4-inhibitors) | MOA: protects GLP1 by stopping breakdown of internal GLP1. increases insulin release and reduces hepatic glucose release.
Sitagliptin, linagliptin, saxagliptin, alogliptin
NO HYPOGLYCEMIA! |
| Incretins (GLP-1 receptor agonists) | MOA: stimulates insulin release when BG increasing, regulates food release, slows hepatic glucose release
bydureon, exenatide, liraglutine
SE: increase satiety, weight loss, nasea (DO NOT use if thyroid CA personal or family hx) |
| sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SLGT2) | MOA: helps kidneys dump glucose
canagliflozin, dapagliflozin
SE: UTI/yeast infx possible
**used w/ all meds |
| rapid-acting (meal) insulins | Humalog, Novolog, Apidra
Regular: Humulin R, Novolin R |
| intermediate-acting (basil) insulins | NPH: Humulin N, Novolin N
Lente: Novolin L |
| long-acting (basal) insulins | Lantus (22+ hrs)
Levemir (16-24hrs) |
