| Term | Definition |
| massacre of Calvinists by Catholics in Paris in 1572 | St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre |
| French Calvinists | Huguenots |
| French moderates that believed French unity was more important than religious differences | politiques |
| 1st French politique king | Henry IV |
| granted French Huguenots freedom of worship in specified areas of France | Edict of Nantes |
| ruling dynasty of Spanish and Austria | Habsburgs |
| Spanish king who had to deal with Protestant revolt in the Low Countries | Philip II |
| literally, "Low Countries" | Netherlands |
| English monarch that supported Protestant revolt in Netherlands | Elizabeth I |
| fleet sent by Philip II to invade England | Spanish Armada |
| event that ignited Thirty Years' War; Protestants threw Catholic officials out the window of castle | Defenestration of Prague |
| religious conflict that divided Germany into mid 17th century | Thirty Years' War |
| artistic movement influenced by Catholic Reformation; appealed to sense and emotion in order to keep people loyal to Church and state; pro-status quo | Baroque |
| political unit in the middle of Europe, comprised mostly of German-speaking lands; led by Habsburgs | Holy Roman Empire |
| required inhabitants to adopt the religion of their princes in Holy Roman Empire | Peace of Augsburg, 1555 |
| ended the Thirty Years' War | Peace of Westphalia, 1648 |
| religious festival that precedes Lent; last day is Mardi Gras | Carnival |
| public shaming that took place in the absence of a strong state to enforce laws | charivari |
