Question | Answer |
Anatomy | Study of structure. |
Physiology | Study of function. |
Dissection | Careful cuttin and separation of tissues to reveal their relationships. |
Cadaver | Dead human body. |
Comparative Anatomy | The study of more than one species in order to learn generalizations and evolutionary trends. |
Palpation | Feeling structure with the fingertips, such as palpating a swollen lymph node or taking a pulse. |
Auscultation | Listening to the natural sounds made by the body, such as the heart and lung sounds. |
Percussion | Tapping on the body and listening to the sound for signs of abnormalities such as pockets of fluid or air. |
Gross Anatomy | Structures that can be seen with the naked eye, whether by surface observation or dissection. |
Histology | Microscopic anatomy. |
Hippocrates | Greek physician who is considered the "father of medicine". |
Hippocratic Oath | Code of ethics for physicians established by Hippocrates. |
Claudius Galen | Roman physician who wrote the most noteworthy medical textbook in the ancient era. |
Andreas Vesalius | Published the first atlas of anatomy. |
William Harvey | Contributions represent the birth of experimental physiology. |
Robert Hooke | Designed scientific instruments of various kinds and made many improvemnts to the compound microscope. |
Antony van Leeuwenhoek | Textile merchant who invented a simple microscope originally to examine the weave of his fabrics. |
Cell Theory | All organisms are composed of cells. |
Scientific Method | Refers less to observational procedures than to certain habits of disciplined creativity, careful observation, logical thinking, and honest analysis of one's observations and conclusions. |
Inductive Method | Is a process of making numerous observations until one feels confident in drawing generalizations and predictions from them. |
Hypothetico-deductive Method | An investigator begins by asking a question and formulating a hypothesis. |
Hypothesis | An educated speculation or possible answer to a question. |
Falsifiability | Means that if something is claimed as scientifically true, we must be able to specify what evidence it would take to prove it wrong. |
Peer Review | A critical evaluation by other experts in that field. |
Sample Size | The number of subjects used in a study. |
Controls | Comparison between treated and untreated individuals. |
Control Group | Group not being treated. |
Treatment Group | Group being treated. |
Psychosomatic Effects | Can have an undesirable effect on experimental results if we do not control for them. |
Placebo | A substance with no significant physiological effect on the body. |
Experimenter Bias | Experimenter may want certain results so much that their biases can affect their interpretation of the data. |
Double-blind Method | Neither the subject nor person giving treatment knows who is recieving treatment or placebo. |
Statistical Tests | ex: chi-square test, t test, or analysis of variance. |
Fact | Information that can be independently verified by any trained person. |
Law of Nature | A generalization about the predictable ways in which matter and energy behave. |
Theory | An explanatory statement, or set of statements, derived from facts, laws, and confirmed hypotheses. |