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Rice: Chapter 1
Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | Study of structure. |
| Physiology | Study of function. |
| Dissection | Careful cuttin and separation of tissues to reveal their relationships. |
| Cadaver | Dead human body. |
| Comparative Anatomy | The study of more than one species in order to learn generalizations and evolutionary trends. |
| Palpation | Feeling structure with the fingertips, such as palpating a swollen lymph node or taking a pulse. |
| Auscultation | Listening to the natural sounds made by the body, such as the heart and lung sounds. |
| Percussion | Tapping on the body and listening to the sound for signs of abnormalities such as pockets of fluid or air. |
| Gross Anatomy | Structures that can be seen with the naked eye, whether by surface observation or dissection. |
| Histology | Microscopic anatomy. |
| Hippocrates | Greek physician who is considered the "father of medicine". |
| Hippocratic Oath | Code of ethics for physicians established by Hippocrates. |
| Claudius Galen | Roman physician who wrote the most noteworthy medical textbook in the ancient era. |
| Andreas Vesalius | Published the first atlas of anatomy. |
| William Harvey | Contributions represent the birth of experimental physiology. |
| Robert Hooke | Designed scientific instruments of various kinds and made many improvemnts to the compound microscope. |
| Antony van Leeuwenhoek | Textile merchant who invented a simple microscope originally to examine the weave of his fabrics. |
| Cell Theory | All organisms are composed of cells. |
| Scientific Method | Refers less to observational procedures than to certain habits of disciplined creativity, careful observation, logical thinking, and honest analysis of one's observations and conclusions. |
| Inductive Method | Is a process of making numerous observations until one feels confident in drawing generalizations and predictions from them. |
| Hypothetico-deductive Method | An investigator begins by asking a question and formulating a hypothesis. |
| Hypothesis | An educated speculation or possible answer to a question. |
| Falsifiability | Means that if something is claimed as scientifically true, we must be able to specify what evidence it would take to prove it wrong. |
| Peer Review | A critical evaluation by other experts in that field. |
| Sample Size | The number of subjects used in a study. |
| Controls | Comparison between treated and untreated individuals. |
| Control Group | Group not being treated. |
| Treatment Group | Group being treated. |
| Psychosomatic Effects | Can have an undesirable effect on experimental results if we do not control for them. |
| Placebo | A substance with no significant physiological effect on the body. |
| Experimenter Bias | Experimenter may want certain results so much that their biases can affect their interpretation of the data. |
| Double-blind Method | Neither the subject nor person giving treatment knows who is recieving treatment or placebo. |
| Statistical Tests | ex: chi-square test, t test, or analysis of variance. |
| Fact | Information that can be independently verified by any trained person. |
| Law of Nature | A generalization about the predictable ways in which matter and energy behave. |
| Theory | An explanatory statement, or set of statements, derived from facts, laws, and confirmed hypotheses. |
Created by:
Vonzipper04
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