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Female Perineum
Urogenital Diaphragm and Female Perineum
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the levator ani muscles | Puborectalis, Pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus |
| True or False: The female pelvis is a bit stronger than a male | False. It is a bit weaker |
| What does the Levator plate of the levator ani provide during childbirth? | Some resistance against the forces of the birth process |
| Name the perineal triangles | Anal triangle and urogenital triangle |
| What arch are the levator ani muscles attached to? | The tendenous arch |
| What is the central portion of the female pelivs portion prone to? | Weakness |
| Name the parts of the vagina? | Labia majora, labia minora, glans clitoris |
| What is the region in between the labia minora and vaginal orifice referred to as? | The vestibule of the vagina |
| How is the glans clitoris similar to the corpus cavinosa in males? | It has 2 crura |
| What do the paraurethral glands do? | They excrete mucus |
| Where are the greater vestibular glands located? | At the base of the vestibule |
| True or False: Both labias are skin | True |
| What is the gubernactulum called in the female? | Round ligament of the uterus |
| What does the round ligament of the uterus pass through and attach to? | Through the deep and superficial inguinal rings and attaches to the floor of the labia majora |
| What type of fascia is on the superficial pouch? | Colles fascia |
| True or False: When you are standing up the perineal membrane is the roof of the superficial pouch? | True. And when lying down it is the floor of the pouch |
| What is the deep fascia referred to as? | Gallaudet's fascia. It is investing fascia because it wraps around the muscles |
| Where is the bulb of the vestibule in relation to the bulbospongiousus muscle? | It is underneath it |
| Is thee clitoris considered to be in the superficial pouch? | No |
| Name the parts of the clitoris | Angle, body, Glans, Crus, ischiopubic ramus |
| What type of tissue is the clitoris considered? | Erectile tissue |
| Is skeletal muscle located in the deep pouch or superficial pouch? | superficial pouch |
| In which pouch is deep transverse perineal muscle located? | Deep pouch |
| The skeletal muscle around the urethra is called what? | External sphincter called sphincter urethra |
| What is the perineal body important for maintaining the integrity of? | The wall of the pelvis |
| What type of nerve is the pudendal nerve? | somatic nerve, s2, s3, s4 |
| How does the pudendal nerve exit and come into the pelvis? | Exits by way of the greater sciatic foramen and enters by lesser sciatic foramen |
| Where does the right common iliac go to when it passes through the brim of the pelvis? | Goes to the internal iliac artery |
| What does the perineal nerve go into? | The superficial pouch |
| What is Alcock's canal? | It is the fascia of the oburator internus that's wrapped around the pudendal nerve and the internal pudendal rectal nerves |
| What does the external iliac artery become? | The femoral artery on the front of the thigh |
| What does the internal pudendal artery piggy back on? | The pudendal nerve |
| Where does the internal pudendal artery distribute itself? | In the ischioanal fossa and moves forward to the pudendal area |
| What does the internal pudendal artery become? | The inferior rectal artery |
| What do superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain? | Lymph from the labia majora |
| What lymph nodes drain the pouches? | Deep inguinal lymph nodes |
| Where does the sympathetic chain continue? | All the way down to the coccyx |
| What is the one unpaired ganglion called? | Ganglion inpar (has cells for sympathetic nerves) |
| True or False: S4 is going to be the pudendal nerve | True |
| True or False: Splanchnic nerves can contain sympathetic or parasympathetic pre-synapic fibers | True |
| What type of nerves does the lumbar region give rise to? Sym or Parasym | Sympathetic nerves from lateral horn |
| What kind of nerves does the superior hypogastric plexus contain? | Pre-synapic and post-synapic sympathetic nerves |
| The pre-synapic nerves in the superior hypogastric plexus is from where? | The lumbar |
| What kind of nerves does the intermediolateral horn of the sacral region give rise to? | Parasympathetic presynapic fibers |
| Where do pelvic splanchnics come from? | From the sacral spinal cord (Parasympathetic) |
| True or False: The inferior hypogastric plexus contain only the pelvic splanchnics? | False. It also contains all of the splanchnics from the superior hypogastric |
| Are parasympathetics or sympathetics responsible for erection? | Parasympathetics |
| Is emission a parasympathetic or sympathetic response? | Sympathetic |
| What closes the internal urethral sphincter during ejaculation? | Sympathetics from L1 and L2 |
| When a woman has an orgasm what glands squirt? | Paraurethral glands and glands of the bartholin |
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