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Anatomy
innervation of the upper limb
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| describe the location of dermatomes C5 through C8 | C4: shoulder C5: upper arm C6: forarm, thumb, part of pointer finger C7: middle finger C8: pinky |
| what are the three divisions of trunks on the brachial plexus | superior, middle, inferior |
| what are the three divisions of cords | lateral, posterior, medial |
| name the spinal roots of the root division of the brachial plexus and the nerves that come off the roots and what they innervate | C5-T1. nerves that come off are the dorsal scapular and long thoracic nerve. long thoracic innervates serratus anterior. dorsal scapular nerve innervates the rhomboids and levator scapula |
| what are the nerves that come off the trunk of the brachial plexus | nerve to subclavius and suprascapular nerve. suprascapular nerve innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. |
| describe erb's palsy and the cause of it | results from damage to superior trunks/roots of the brachial plexus. the damage can be caused by falling on your shoulder, or pulling a baby out by its neck during birth. |
| describe Klumpke's paralysis and what causes it | it results from damage to inferior trunks/roots of the brachial plexus. the damage can be caused by pulling a baby out by its arm during birth or someone who is falling and they try to grab onto something to help themselves |
| this part of the brachial plexus has no branches of nerves coming off of it | divisions |
| name the nerves that come off the cords of the brachial plexus | lateral pectoral, thoracodorsal, subscapular, antebrachial medial cutaneous, brachial medial cutaneous, medial pectoral |
| what does the lateral pectoral nerve innervate | pectoralis major |
| what does the thoracodorsal nerve innervate | latissimus dorsi |
| what does the subscapular nerve innervate | subscapularis and teris minor |
| what does the antebrachial medial cutaneous nerve innergate | the skin of the forarm |
| what does the brachial medial cutaneous nerve innervate | upper arm |
| what does the medial pectoral nerve inervate | pectoralis major and minor |
| what are the terminal nerves of the brachial plexus and what spinal nerves innervate them | musculocutaneous (C5,C6,C7), axillary (C5,C6), Radial (C5,C6,C7,C8,T1), Median (C6,C7,C8,T1), ulnar (C8,T1) |
| what compartments of the arm does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate? | anterior compartment: corachobrachialis, short head of biceps brachii, long head of biceps brachii, brachialis. it carries sensorhy information from the lateral forarm. |
| what does the axillary nerve innervate | deltoid, teres minor |
| what compartment and muscles are innervated by the radial nerve? | it innervates all the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm and forarm: long head of triceps brachii, lateral head of triceps brachii, medial head of triceps brachii, anconeus. forarm muscles innervated also. |
| crutches and sitting with arms hanging over a chair can cause problems with which nerve | radial nerve |
| the axillary nerve carries sensory information from what part of the arm | lateral shoulder |
| the radial nerve carries sensory information from what part of the arm | posterior arm and forarm |
| what compartment of the arm does the median nerve innervate | nearly all the muscles of the anterior forarm and a few muscles of the anterior hand |
| what compartment of the arm does the ulnar nerve innervate | nearly all the muscles of the anterior hand an done and 1/2 muscles of the anterior forarm |
| what are the muscles innnervated by the median nerve? | anterior forearm muscles: pronator teres, palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis, 1/2 of flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadrattus |
| the hand of benediction is caused by damage to what nerve | median nerve dysfunction. |
| what does the ulnar nerve innervate | nearly all the muscles o the hand: abductor digiti minimi, opponens digiti inimi, flexor digiti minimi, adductor pollicis, third and fourth lumbricals, palmer interossei, dorsal interossei |
| claw hand is due to what nerve dysfunction? | ulnar nerve |
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aferdo01
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