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Endocrine System 11
chapter 11 med terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acr/o | extremities |
| adren/o | adrenal glands |
| adrenal/o | adrenal glands |
| andr/o | male |
| calc/o | calcium |
| crin/o | secrete |
| estr/o | female |
| glyc/o | sugar |
| glycos/o | sugar |
| gonad/o | sex glands |
| home/o | sameness |
| kal/i | potassium |
| natr/o | sodium |
| ophthalm/o | eye |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| parathyroid/o | parathyroid gland |
| pineal | pineal gland |
| pituitar/o | pituitary gland |
| thym/o | thymus |
| thyr/o | thyroid gland |
| thyroid/o | thyroid gland |
| toxic/o | poison |
| -crine | to secrete |
| -dipsia | thirst |
| -prandial | pertaining to a meal |
| -tropin | stimulate |
| Reproductive sex cells | gamates |
| Insulin is produced by | beta islet cells |
| secretes glucagon, which stimulates the liver to release glucose | alpha islet cells |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropin hormone |
| ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
| BMR | basal metabolic rate |
| DI | diabetes insipidus |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone |
| GH | growth hormone |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test |
| IDDM | insulin dependent diabetes mellitus |
| K+ | potassium |
| LH | luteinizing hormone |
| MSH | melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
| Na+ | sodium |
| NIDDM | non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus |
| NPH | neutral protamine Hagedorn (insulin) |
| PBI | protein-bound iodine |
| PRL | prolactin |
| PTH | parathyroid hormone |
| RAI | radioactive iodine |
| RIA | radioimmunoassay |
| T3 | triiodothyronine |
| T4 | thyroxine |
| TFT | thyroid function test |
| TSH | thyroid-stimulating hormone |
| acidosis | excessive acidity of body fluids; i.e. diabetic acidosis |
| edema | excessive amount of fluid |
| endocrinology | branch of medicine diagnosing and treating conditions and diseases of the endocrine system |
| gynecomastia | breast tissue in males |
| hirsutism | excessive hair |
| hypersecretion | excessive hormone production by endocrine gland |
| hyposecretion | deficient hormone production by endocrine gland |
| syndrome | group of symptoms and signs that, when combined, present a clinical picture of a disease or condition |
| addison's disease | deficiency in adrenocortical hormones. increased pigmentation of skin, generalized weakness, and weight loss |
| adrenal feminization | breast in men/increased estrogen by adrenal cortex |
| adrenal virilism | male secondary sexual characteristics in females/ increased androgen secretion by adrenal cortex |
| cushing's syndrome | hyper secretion of the adrenal cortex. may be a result of tumor. weakness, edema, excess hair growth, skin discoloration, and osteoporosis |
| diabetes mellitus (DM) | chronic disorder of carb metabolism/ hyperglycemia & glycosuria 2 forms; diabetes mellitus(type 1): insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(type 2) (NIDDM) |
| diabetic retinopathy | secondary complication of diabetes; affects blood vessels of the retina, resulting in visual change or blindness |
| insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus | type 1 develops early in life when pancreas stops insulin production. patient must take daily insulin |
| insulinoma | tumor of the islets of langerhans cells of the pancreas, that secretes an excessive amount of insulin |
| ketoacidosis | due to an excess of acidic ketone bodies(waste products) serious condition requiring immediate treatment ; can lead to death |
| non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus | type 2 later in life; pancreas produces, but cells don't respond properly; may have to take insulin |
| peripheral neuropathy | damage to nerves in lower legs and hands as a result of diabetes mellitus, extreme sensitivity or numbness and tingling |
| tetany | nerve irritability and painful muscle cramps resulting from hypocalcemia; Hypoparathyroidism is on cause of tetany |
| Recklinghausen disease | excessive production of parathyroid hormone, which results in degeneration of the bones |
| acromegaly | enlargement of the bones of the head and extremities |
| diabetes insipidus (DI) | inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. may be polyuria and polydipsia |
| dwarfism/gigantism | insufficient growth hormone/ excessive growth hormone |
| panhypopituitarism | deficiency in all the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland |
| cretinism | congenital condition; lack of thyroid hormones my result in arrested physical and mental development |
| goiter | enlargement of the thyroid gland |
| Grave's disease | overactivity of thyroid gland can be crisis situation; symptoms exophthalmos and goiter; A type of hyperthyroidism |
| Hashimoto's disease | chronic autoimmune form of thyroiditis, results in hypo secretion of thyroid hormones |
| myxedema | hyposecretion of the thyroid gland in an adult; symptoms anemia, slow speech, swollen facial features, edematous skin, drowsiness, and mental lethargy |
| thyrotoxicosis | marked overproduction of the thyroid gland; symptoms rapid heart action, tremors, enlarged thyroid gland, exophthalmos, and weight loss |
| adenocarcinoma | cancerous tumor in a gland that is capable of producing the hormones secreted by that gland |
| Fasting blood sugar (FBS) | amount of sugar circulating throughout the body after 12 hr fast |
| Glucose tolerance test (GTT) | determine blood sugar level |
| Protein Bound Iodine Test (PBI) | get concentration of thyroxine (T4) |
| Radioimmunoassay (RIA) | levels of hormones in the plasma |
| Thyroid function test (TFT) | measures thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone |
Created by:
tammiemcconnell
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