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Tissues

structure and functions

QuestionAnswer
Simple Epithelial Tissue Single layer of cells attached to a basement membrane - covering or lining for organs and vessels
Compound Epithelial Tissue Many layers of cells and no basement membrane - External protection, eg. fingernails and Internal elasticity eg. lining of the mouth
Goblet cells Mucus secreting cells
Structure of Squamous Simple Epithelium Single layer of flattened cells attached to a basement membrane
Structure of Cuboidal Simple Epithelium single layer of cube-shaped cells attached to a basement membrane
Function of Squamous Simple Epithelium forms thin, often permeable lining of the heart, blood and lymph vessels, and alveoli of the lungs - diffusion and filtration
Function of Cuboidal Simple Epithelium forms lining of kidney tubules as well as some glands; can secrete substances or absorb them
Structure of Columnar single layer of rectangular cells attached to a basement membrane
Function of Columnar lining in active parts such as stomach, intestines, urethra - secrete and/or absorb mucus
Structure of Ciliated single layer of mostly columnar cells with hair-like projections, or cilia, stick out from the cell membrane
Function of Ciliated work in waves, moving together to remove mucus, foreign matter and debris.Keeps passageways and linings clear - Respiratory System
Structure Stratified Keratinised Compound Epithelium dry surface; forms a dead layer - hair skin nails - surface layer dried out protein called keratin forms a waterproof layer.
Structure Stratified Non-Keratinised Compound Epithelium wet surface; eg. inside mouth, oesophagus, conjunctiva(mucous membrane) of the eye
Function Keratinised prevents deeper layers from drying out and protects them
Function Non-Keratinised provides lubrication
Structure Transitional Compound Epithelium surface cells are not flattened and thus can change shape when necessary- cube shaped surface cells and pear shaped deeper cells
Function Transitional found in organs that need waterproof and expandable lining eg bladder, ureters
Structure of Nervous Tissue bundles of fibres - nerve cells and neuroglia
Function of Nervous Tissue capable of transmitting signals to and from the brain; protective
Structure of Skeletal Muscular Tissue Striated and voluntary
Function of Skeletal Muscular Tissue Help support and move the body
Structure of Smooth Muscular Tissue Non-striated and involuntary
Function of Smooth Muscular Tissue carry out involuntary functions eg. peristalsis
Structure of Cardiac Muscular Tissue Striated and involuntary
Three types of Muscular Tissue Skeletal, Smooth and Cardiac
Function of Cardiac Muscular Tissue muscle of the heart to pump blood
Areolar Connective Tissue Most general connective tissue in the body - found all over the body connecting and supporting other tissues
Adipose Connective Tissue fatty tissue-fat cells,fat globules-under the skin, around kidneys and back of eyes-protective and insulating-retains body heat, also a food reserve
Lymphoid Connective Tissue semi-solid white fibres-majority lymphocytes-engulfs bacteria and destroys it-lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, large intestine, appendix and glands of small intestine
Yellow Elastic Connective Tissue elastic fibres capable of considerable extension and recoil-lung tissue, bronchi, trachea, arteries, stomach, bladder and any other organs needing stretch and recoil.
White Fibrous Connective Tissue strong connective NOT elastic-forms ligaments, periosteum of bone and outer protection of organs-kidneys, dura of brain, tendons and muscle fascia.
Bone hardest structure of body-compact and cancellous-compact dense for strength,cancellous for structure bearing and cellular development-support and protect body and produce cells in bone marrow
Blood fluid connective tissue - erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes - transports food and oxygen to all the cells of the body-remove waste, fight infection and clot blood.
Hyaline Cartilage bluish-white, smooth - particularly resilient - larynx, bronchi, trachea, articular surfaces of joints.
Created by: smyleekim
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