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Tissues
structure and functions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Simple Epithelial Tissue | Single layer of cells attached to a basement membrane - covering or lining for organs and vessels |
| Compound Epithelial Tissue | Many layers of cells and no basement membrane - External protection, eg. fingernails and Internal elasticity eg. lining of the mouth |
| Goblet cells | Mucus secreting cells |
| Structure of Squamous Simple Epithelium | Single layer of flattened cells attached to a basement membrane |
| Structure of Cuboidal Simple Epithelium | single layer of cube-shaped cells attached to a basement membrane |
| Function of Squamous Simple Epithelium | forms thin, often permeable lining of the heart, blood and lymph vessels, and alveoli of the lungs - diffusion and filtration |
| Function of Cuboidal Simple Epithelium | forms lining of kidney tubules as well as some glands; can secrete substances or absorb them |
| Structure of Columnar | single layer of rectangular cells attached to a basement membrane |
| Function of Columnar | lining in active parts such as stomach, intestines, urethra - secrete and/or absorb mucus |
| Structure of Ciliated | single layer of mostly columnar cells with hair-like projections, or cilia, stick out from the cell membrane |
| Function of Ciliated | work in waves, moving together to remove mucus, foreign matter and debris.Keeps passageways and linings clear - Respiratory System |
| Structure Stratified Keratinised Compound Epithelium | dry surface; forms a dead layer - hair skin nails - surface layer dried out protein called keratin forms a waterproof layer. |
| Structure Stratified Non-Keratinised Compound Epithelium | wet surface; eg. inside mouth, oesophagus, conjunctiva(mucous membrane) of the eye |
| Function Keratinised | prevents deeper layers from drying out and protects them |
| Function Non-Keratinised | provides lubrication |
| Structure Transitional Compound Epithelium | surface cells are not flattened and thus can change shape when necessary- cube shaped surface cells and pear shaped deeper cells |
| Function Transitional | found in organs that need waterproof and expandable lining eg bladder, ureters |
| Structure of Nervous Tissue | bundles of fibres - nerve cells and neuroglia |
| Function of Nervous Tissue | capable of transmitting signals to and from the brain; protective |
| Structure of Skeletal Muscular Tissue | Striated and voluntary |
| Function of Skeletal Muscular Tissue | Help support and move the body |
| Structure of Smooth Muscular Tissue | Non-striated and involuntary |
| Function of Smooth Muscular Tissue | carry out involuntary functions eg. peristalsis |
| Structure of Cardiac Muscular Tissue | Striated and involuntary |
| Three types of Muscular Tissue | Skeletal, Smooth and Cardiac |
| Function of Cardiac Muscular Tissue | muscle of the heart to pump blood |
| Areolar Connective Tissue | Most general connective tissue in the body - found all over the body connecting and supporting other tissues |
| Adipose Connective Tissue | fatty tissue-fat cells,fat globules-under the skin, around kidneys and back of eyes-protective and insulating-retains body heat, also a food reserve |
| Lymphoid Connective Tissue | semi-solid white fibres-majority lymphocytes-engulfs bacteria and destroys it-lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, large intestine, appendix and glands of small intestine |
| Yellow Elastic Connective Tissue | elastic fibres capable of considerable extension and recoil-lung tissue, bronchi, trachea, arteries, stomach, bladder and any other organs needing stretch and recoil. |
| White Fibrous Connective Tissue | strong connective NOT elastic-forms ligaments, periosteum of bone and outer protection of organs-kidneys, dura of brain, tendons and muscle fascia. |
| Bone | hardest structure of body-compact and cancellous-compact dense for strength,cancellous for structure bearing and cellular development-support and protect body and produce cells in bone marrow |
| Blood | fluid connective tissue - erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes - transports food and oxygen to all the cells of the body-remove waste, fight infection and clot blood. |
| Hyaline Cartilage | bluish-white, smooth - particularly resilient - larynx, bronchi, trachea, articular surfaces of joints. |
Created by:
smyleekim
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