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A&P Unit 3
Mucles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| To produce horizontal wrinkles in the forehead, which muscles are involved? | the frontal belly of the epicranius |
| The muscles that are found at openings of the body are collectively called | circular muscles |
| The extensor carpi radialis brevis has what function | extends and abducts the wrist |
| The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action? | to stabilize the shoulder joint and help prevent downward location of the humerus and to assist in abduction |
| What are the suprahyoid muscles: | |
| The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. When the term levator is part of the descriptive term for a muscle's action, this means that: | The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region. |
| The total number of skeletal muscles in the human body is _____________________ | 639 |
| When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, you can assume that: | The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively. |
| What primarily determines the power of a muscle? | the total number of muscle cells available for contraction |
| What is the major factor controlling the manner in which levers work? | the difference in positioning of the effort, load and fulcrum |
| What muscle is responsible for keeping your toes from dragging when walking? | fibularis tertius |
| Scissors demonstrate which type of lever? | first class lever |
| How do the three muscle types respond to being stretched? | |
| How is it that norepinephrine (NE) can inhibit smooth muscle action in airways, yet stimulate contractions in smooth muscles everywhere else in the body? | Airway passages have smooth muscle cells that are unique in that they have two receptor sites on their outer membrane. One receptor site accepts ACh as the neurotransmitter. When excited it causes the smooth muscle to contract. The second site accepts NE |
| What are caveoli? | Folds on the surface of smooth muscle cells that correspond to T tubules in skeletal muscle cells |
| Briefly explain where the energy comes from in a one-minute sustained muscle contraction. | . The first 4-6 seconds of energy come from stored ATP in the muscle cell. 2. 6-15 seconds of energy come from the transfer of creatine phosphate and ADP (which come from the first few seconds of burn) to form additional ATP. 3. 15-60 seconds of energy |
| What is the relationship that occurs in the triad of a skeletal muscle cell? | |
| What are the two special organelles of skeletal muscle cells and how would they be useful to the cell? | |
| 68. A long-distance runner is about to enter a 5-mile race. Beforehand, he spends several minutes warming up. During the warm-up period, the phenomenon of treppe is occurring in body muscles being used. What is treppe and why does it occur? | it is the increase in muscle tension after each contraction-relaxation stage. It occurs because of an increase of calcium in the sarcoplasm of a muscle. |
| 67. What ultimately stops a muscle contraction? |
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