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Sensory and Reproduc
Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do sensory receptors change senstory stimuli into | Nerve Signals |
| What do the components of the brain interact to do? | Receive sensory input Integrate and Store info Transmit Motor Responses |
| Sensation | Conscious or Unconscious awareness of external or Internal Stimuli |
| Superficial Sensation | AKA Ecteroreceptive Sensation Includes Touch, Pain, Temperature from the surface of the body |
| Deep Sensation | Includes muscle fascia, bone and joint pain, vibration, pressure and propicoeption |
| General Senses | Touch, Pain, Itch, Tickle, Vibration and Pressure |
| Special Senses | Vision, Smell, Taste hearing and equilibrium |
| 4 components to perceive a sensation | 1. Stimulation of the reception filed 2. Transduction of the stimulus 3. Impulse Generation and Conduction 4.Integration of Sensroy input |
| Stimulation of the receptive field (1) | With approrpriate quality and strength will cause the sensory neuron to initiate a nerve impulse |
| Transduction of the stimulius (2) | conversion |
| Impulse Generation and Conduction (3) | From PNS - CNS |
| 1ST order neuron | conducts impulse from spmatoreceptros from brain to spinal cord |
| 2ND Order Neruon | Conducts impulse from somatosensoryreceptros to thalmus |
| 3RD order Neuron | Conducts impulse from thalamus to somatosenroy cortex, where conscious perception of sensation is located (3 synapses) |
| Free Nerve Endings | found everywhere in the body |
| Encapsulated Nerve Endingds | Found in non hairy parts of the skin |
| Separate Cells | located in sense organs ex. eyes ears |
| Exterorecetors | receptors to general and special sense , located on the surface of the body |
| Interoreceptors | located in the blood |
| Propireceptors | Located in muscles tendons joints stimulated by movement |
| Thermoreceptors | Detect cahnge in temperature |
| nocireceptors | detect chemical/physical damage to tissue |
| pHOTORECEPTROS | DETECT light on retina |
| Chemoreceptros | Detect taste in mouth |
| Tactile Sensation | stimulation of receptors in skin tissues right beneath the skin |
| Vibration | caused by rapid repetitive sensory signals |
| Itch/Tickle | from receptors in superficial layer by release of bradykimin |
| Messiners Corpuscles | encapsulated nerve endings that elicit large myelinated sensory nerve fibers |
| Merkels Disk | Flattened dendrites of sensory neurons Allows you to determine continuous touch against skin |
| Ruffini's End Organ | Deep layers of dermis/ fast adapting -determines heavy continuous touch and pressure |
| Lamellated | -Stimulated by rapid tissue movement -Detects vibrations and other extreme changes |
| Crude Touch | knowing something has touched the skin |
| Fine TOuch | Ability to recgonize exact location, shape size and texture of stimulus |
| What is the only sensation you can elicit on yourself | Tickle |
| An itch sensation alerts attention to a _____ stimulus on the skin surface, which -elicts the ____ reflex to rid the irritant | 1. Mild 2. Scratch |
| If the scratch reflex is strong what receptors are stimulated? | Pain |
| Phantom Pain | Sensation of pain in an amoutated limb --> brain neurons are still active |
| Mechanoreceptors | detect environment changes |
| Pain | protective mechanism when tissues are being damaged |
| Fast Pain | .1 second after stimulus (acute and sharp) |
| Slow pain | 1. second after stimulus and increases over seconds. (throb, burning) |
| Somatic Pain | Superficial: skin receptors Deep: Skeletal muscles and tendons |
| Visceral Pain | comes from the internal organs. nociceptors send signals to the spinal cord and brain when damage is detected -- feels originated from skin |
| Referred Pain | pain being felt in an area away from the actual source of the pain. |
| Joint Kinesthetic Receptors | Respond to pressure around synovial joints, within the CT. Responds to excelleration and deceleration movements of joints |
| Muscle Spindle Apparatus | Stimulated bu motor neurons to provide feedback on the degree of muscle stretching |
| Golgi Tendon Organs | Protect tendons and muscles from damage by decreasing muscle tension |
| Posterior Column medial lemomisus pathway to the cortex | impulses conducted along this pathway are concerned with fine touch, proprioception, and vibratory sensations |
| Gracile Fasciculus and Cuneate Fasciculus | Ascending tracts from white matter |
| Posterior Pathway to the cortex | 1st neuron -SC- medulla -2nd neurons- either gracile or cuneate fasiculi-either the gracile /cuneate nucleus -crossing over (decussating) in the medulla- medial lemniscus-Thalamus -- 3rd neurons-primary somatosensory cortex-perception of the sensation |
| ANTERIOLATERAL | Mainly carry pain and temperature impulses |
| Syphilis | Causes a progrssive degeneration of the posterior spinal cord |
| Syphalis Organism | Treponema Pallidum Symptoms: uncoordinated gait, paralysis and insanity |
Created by:
christinarayyyy
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