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Endocrine
Red Mod - Endocrine
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acromegaly | enlarged features, particularl;y the face and hands; cased by hypersecretion of (Pituitary) Growth Hormone, after puberty. |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone | ACTH |
| Addison's Disease | Chronic disorder of the adrenal glands caused by deficiency of cortical hormones. |
| Adenoma | Tumour of a gland. |
| antidiuretic hormone - Vasopressin: promotes reabsorption of water in the kidneys | ADH |
| Adrenal Cortex | Outer section of the adrenal gland which secretes steroids |
| Adrenalectomy | Surgical excision of an adrenal gland |
| Adrenal Glands | Two bean-shaped glands situated on top of the kidneys which secrete steroid and sex hormones |
| Adrenal Medulla | Inner section of the adrenal gland which secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| Aldosterone | Steroid produced in the adrenal cortex. |
| Cortisol | A glucocoricoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. |
| Cushing's Syndrome | Disorder caused by hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex, resulting in excessive production of steroids. |
| Diabetes Insipidus | Disorder more common in the young, caused b inadequate secretion of the antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which causes excessive thirst and excessive secretion of urine. |
| Diabetes Mellitus | A common pancreatic disorder involving insulin secretion into the blood, either in too much or too little quantities. |
| Diuresis | Increased excretion of urine |
| Dwarfism | A condition of being abnormally small; may be hereditary or an endorcrine dysfunction. |
| Endocrinology | The study of ductless glands, their secretions, and their function of homeostasis. |
| Epinephrine | Adrenaline- produced in the adrenal medulla. Increases heart rate, fate metabolism for energy, and dilates the bronchial tubes. |
| Exophthalmos | Protrusion o fthe eyes due to swelling in tussues; often associated with Grave's Disease |
| fasting blood sugar | FBS |
| Follicle Stimulating Hormone | FSH |
| Growth Hormone. AKA PGH | GH |
| Gigantism | Abnormal overgrowth of the netire body caused by hypersecretion of Pituitary Growth Hormone before puberty |
| Glucogenesis | Formation of glucose from glycogen. |
| glucagon | Hormone secreted by the pancreas which increases the amount of glucose in the blood. |
| Glucocorticoids | Steroids in the adrenal cortex that influence the metabloism of fates, carbohydrates, and proteins. |
| Glycogen | Substance in which carbohydrates are stored in the liver for future conversion into sugar. |
| Glucose | The most important carbohydrate in the body metabolism |
| Glucosuria | Glucose in the urine. |
| Graves' Disease | Disorder of the thyroid-hyperthyroidism. Characterized by abnormal weight loss, muscular weakness, and emotional instability. |
| Glucose Tolerance Test | GTT |
| Human Chorionic Gonadotropin | HCG |
| High Density Lipoproteins | HDL |
| Hirsutism | A condition of abnormal hairiness, expecially in women |
| Homeostasis | A state of stable internal enivironment of the body. |
| Hormones | Secretions of endocrine glands which regulate function of the body (i.e. testosterone / estrogen) |
| Hyperglycemia | excessive amount of sugar in the body |
| Hyperinsulinsim | Excessive amount of insulin in the blood-insulin shock |
| Hypersecretion | Excessive secretion |
| Hypocalcemima | Abnormally low amount of calcium in the blood. |
| Hypoglycemia | too little sugar in the blood |
| hypogonadism | under-development of internal secretions of male sex glands |
| hypokalemia | extreme depletion of potassium in the blood usually lost in diuresis |
| hyponatremia | exteme depletion of sodium in the blood, usually through diuresis |
| hyposecretion | inadequate secretion |
| intracellular fluid | ICF |
| interstitial cell stimulation hormone | ICSH |
| Insulin | A hormone secreted by the Islets of Langerhans. Essential for metabolism of blood sugar(glucose). Can also be made syntheticall and give by injection |
| Islets of Langerhans | Clusters of cells in the pancreas which produce insulin and glucagon |
| Insulin Tolerance Test | ITT |
| Ketoacidosis | An acute stage of diabetes mellitus characterized by hypotension and, eventually, coma |
| Low Density Lipoproteins | LDL |
| Luteinizing Hormone | LH |
| Lactogenic Hormone (prolactin) | LTH |
| Metabolism | Processes in which substances are broken down or built up during chemical reactions that are necessary to maintain life. |
| Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (melanin) | MSH |
| Mineralcorticoids | HOrmones in the adrenal cortex that regulate water and mineral salts (electrolytes) in the body |
| Norepinephrine | Noradrenaline; produced int he adrenal medulla. Increases blood pressure and constricts vessels. |
| Neutral Protamine Hagedorn - a synthetic insulin | NPH |
| Obesity | Excessive accumulation of fat in the body |
| Oral Hypoglycemics | Medications used to stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin |
| Pancreas | An organ that contains groups of cells called the Islets of Langerhans which produce endocrine secretions, such as insulin and glucagon |
| Parathyroid | Four separate glands that are located on the posterior glands surgaces of the loves of the thyroid gland |
| Pituitary Growth Hormone | PGH |
| Pineal Gland | Pinecone shaped gland that is attached to the posterior part of the third ventricle of the brain which secretes melatonin |
| Pituitary Gland | Hypophysis; pea-shaped gland that gland that is located at the base of the brain |
| Polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| Polyphagia | A condition of eating abnormally large amounts of food |
| Polyuria | Excessive secretion of urine |
| Parathyroid Hormone | PTH |
| Radioactive iodine uptake test on the thyroid gland | RAIU |
| Serum Glucose Tests | Blood tests to aid in the diagnosis of insulin deficiency |
| Somatotropin | Human Growth Hormone found in the anterior pituitary lobe |
| Thyroid Echogram | Ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland |
| Thyroidectomy | Surgical excision of the thyroid gland |
| Thyroid Gland | Largest gland on the endocrine system. Located in the neck, just below the larynx |
| Thyrotoxic | Thyroid poisoning |
| Thyrotoxicosis | Abnormal condition of poisoning of the thryroid gland |
| Thyroxine (T4) | One of the two major hormones produced by the thyroid. REgulates metabolism and energy levels. |
| Triidodothyronine (T3) | One of the two major horomones produced, stored, and released by the thyroid gland |
| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone | TSH |
Created by:
MedixMOA
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