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CCMA Exam
Medical Assistant Certification Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 2 methods of medical asepsis | standard and transmission based precautions |
| Every health care worker/civilian with latex allergy should wear this | medical alert bracelet |
| Results in myocardial relaxation | repolarization |
| Valve located between the left atrium and the left ventricle | Mitral or Bicuspid valve |
| Valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk | Pulmonic valve |
| Heart sounds produced by closure of the valves | Murmurs |
| The 4 blood types | A, B, AB, O |
| What is the PR interval and how long? | P wave plus a segment, 0.12-0.2 sec |
| 0.1mV on EKG paper measures | 1mm |
| 1000 meter are equal to | 1km |
| 1kg is how many pounds? | 2.2 pounds |
| 2nd choice vein for venipuncture and most often and most often the only one palpatable in an obese Pt | Cephalic vein |
| 99% of formed elements in blood | RBCs or Erythrocytes |
| A urine pH of what is considered neutral? | 7.0 pH |
| Abbreviation for micro liter | ul |
| Analytical errors during collection of blood | Extended tourniquet time, hemolysis, wrong order of draw, failure to invert tubes, faulty technique under filling tubes |
| Antiseptic not used on a dermal puncture site | betadine (because it interferes with several tests like bilirubin, uric acid, phosphorus and potassium |
| Antiseptics used in Phlebotomy | 70% isopropyl alcohol pads most common, provolone-iodine for BCs and chlorhexidine gluconate for patients that are allergic to Betadine/Iodine |
| Average gauge of needle used for drawing blood | 21-22 |
| BP cuffs too short and narrow can give false reading of what? | hypertension |
| Bipolar standard leads are | Lead I, II, III |
| Chest Leads are | V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6 |
| Butterfly needle | winged infusion set |
| CC | chief complaint |
| Common test for the red topped tube | Serum, chemistry tests, serology tests, blood bank (glass only) |
| Common tests for the lavender EDTA tube | CBC, differential of diff. ESR, sickle cell screening |
| Complex | several waveforms |
| Consequence of insufficient pressure applied after withdrawal of needle | thrombus |
| Consists of injury to another person's reputation, name, or character through spoken (slander) or written (libel) | Defamation of character |
| Converts the temporary platelet plug into a stable fibrin clot | Coagulation phase |
| Defamation of character by written statement is considered | libel |
| Deflation the BP cuff faster than 2-3mmHg can lead to | underestimation of systolic and overestimating diastolic pressure |
| Depolarization flows from | endocardium to the myocardium to the epicardium |
| Explanation of hemoconcentration | the increase in proportion of formed elements to plasma caused by leaving on the tourniquet for more than 2 minutes |
| Expressionless face and staring eyes are indications of | Shock |
| Found at the superior portion of the interventricular septum, pathway that leads out of the SA node | Bundle of His |
| Found in the upper posterior portion of the right atrial wall below vena cava opening | SA Node |
| Functions necessary for life | heart functions, blood pressure, respiration, temperature |
| Gauge of needle that can cause hemolysis | smaller than 23 gauge |
| Glycosuria | presence of glucose in the urine |
| HIPAA is for? | Patient confidentiality |
| How long is the lifespan of a platelet? | 9-12 days |
| How long does it take for blood to clot by normal coagulation process in the red top tube | 30-60 minutes |
| How long is a holter monitor worn? | 24 hours or longer |
| How many 1mm boxes are in a 6 second rhythm strip? | 30, 1mm boxes |
| Hypothalamus | regulates and maintains body temperature |
| Interval | waveform plus a segment |
| Ischemia | decrease in amount of bloodflow |
| J (RST) junction | point at which QRS complex ends and the ST segment begins |
| Length of needle commonly used in venipuncture | 1" (up to 1.5") |
| Limb leads consists of | 3 bipolar and 3 augmented leads |
| Located at the posterior septal wall of the right atrium just above the tricuspid valve | AV Node |
| Located within the ventricular endocardium, consists of small conduction fibers | Purkinje Fibers |
| MSDS | Material Safety Data Sheet |
| Medical Assistant role in physical examination | Room prep, patient prep, assisting the Dr. |
| Method of pulse taking used on children and Pt. with irregular heartbeat | Apical pulse |
| Modes of transmission | Contact (direct, indirect), droplet, airborne, common vehicle, vector |
| Never leave the patient alone in the room when he/she is in this position | Knee Chest |
| Normal indication for a stress test | Evaluation of a patient with chest pain and a normal EKG, Arrhythmia, monitoring a Pt. with a recent MI |
| Normal respiration range and how long is it taken | 12-20 for 30sec x2 |
| ABG, ammonia, lactic acid, pyruvate, parathyroid test handling | chilled in crushed ice and water mixture |
| Agents are | any infective microorganisms, viruses, fungi, bacteria, and parasites |
| Bili | Bile |
| IM | intramuscular |
| On Lead III which is the positive lead | the left leg is positive |
| On the horizontal axis 5 large squares equal | 1 second |
| On the vertical axis 1 large square equals what? | 5mm (0.5mV) |
| Orthopnea | difficulty breathing when laying flat |
| P wave | arterial depolarization |
| PPE includes: | mask, goggles, face shields, respirator |
| PR segment | line from the end of the P wave to the onset of the QRS complex |
| Precentage of formed elements in blood | 45% |
| Percentage of plasma in blood | 55% |
| Positive testing for occult blood in a stool sample turn which color? | blue on a positive test for occult blood in feces |
| Preferred site for venipuncture | antecubital fossa |
| Prone position is used for | used to examine the back and spine |
| Q wave represents | initial negative deflection produced by ventricular depolarization |
| R wave | the first positive deflection produced by ventricular depolarization |
| S wave | the first negative deflection produced by ventricular depolarization that follows the first positive deflection, R wave |
| SQ | subcutaneous |
| ST segment | from J point to the onset of the T wave |
| Segment | line between two waveforms |
| T wave | deflection produced by ventricular repolarization |
| The stages of hemostasis | 1. vascular 2. platelet phase 3. Coagulation Phase 4. Fibronolysis |
| The AV valves | Tricuspid and Mitral (bicuspid) |
| QRS complex | ventricular activation, the ventricle is polarized from the endo to the myo to the epicardium |
| The SA node represents which waveform on the EKG? | only the P wave |
| The physical examination of urine consists of | color, clarity, specific gravity |
| The average adult has how many liters of blood? | 5-6 liters |
| The position used for most physical examinations, Pt. lays on back legs extended | Horizontal recumbent position |
| The presence of leukocytes in urine is an indicator for what? | bacteriuria or UTI |
| The primary purpose is to provide reliable data about a patients health status by ensuring the accuracy of a test while detecting and eliminating error | quality control |
| The release of medical records without the patients knowledge or permission | invasion of privacy |
| The standards of right and wrong in a medical setting | code of ethics |
| The urinary system | two kidneys, two ureters, bladder, urethra |
| The vertical axis on the EKG paper measures | amplitude or voltage |
| This is an infection control method designed to prevent direct contact with blood or other body fluids | Standard precautions |
| This is the second tier of precautions used when patient is contagious | transmission based precautions |
| This objective of the microscope is used for observing bacteria, WBC differential count and RBC morphology | Oil immersion |
| This position is usually used for taking rectal temperature | Sim's |
| Thrombophlebitis | inflammation of a vein with clot formation |
| Tort | wrongful act that results in injury to one person to another |
| U wave | deflection seen following the T wave but preceding the next P wave |
| Urine Screening for UCG or HCG | pregnancy test |
| V1 | fourth intercostal space, right sternal border |
| V2 | fourth intercostal space, lest sternal border |
| V3 | midway between V2 and V4 |
| What are the identification requirements for blood bank | Pt full name and DOB, hospital ID# or SSN for outpatients, date and time of collection as well as the phlebotomist's initials |
| What fires at 40-60 bpm | AV junction, Bundle of His |
| What is important to do first after dermal puncture? | wipe away the first drop of blood |
| What is the difference between droplet and airborne? | droplet is less than 3 feet, airborne is more than 3 feet |
| What is the most important task of a Phlebotomist? | Patient ID |
| What is the percentage of water in Blood? | 92% |
| What is the primary stage of hemolysis | vascular phase and platelet phase together |
| What is the reading you can get from the RP interval? | Ventricular pulse |
| Where do all blood cells originate? | bone marrow |
| Where you find hemoglobin? | RBCs |
| Which blood type has neither the anti-A nor the anti-B plasma antibodies? | AB |
| Which are unipolar leads? | aVR, aVL, aVF |
| Which tube must be filled completely? | light blue tube- sodium citrate |
| Why is a holter monitor done? | to rule out arrhythmia's or ischemia |
| With the bevel upward insert the needle at which angle? | 15-30 degrees |
| A muscular hollow organ located in thoracic cavity between the lungs | the heart |
| Abbreviation for decimeter | dm |
| Acts as a pacemaker when higher level pacemakers fail | Purkinje fibers |
| Actually the inner visceral layer of the pericardium | epicardium |
| Additives in green top tube | heparin, sodium, lithium, ammonium |
| bid | twice a day |
| Arteries supplying the heart | right and left coronary from the aorta |
| Common tests for the light blue tube | Coagulation studies, PT (extrinsic, warfarin), APTT, PTT (intrinsic, heparin), BT, FDP |
| Common tests for this color tube are chemistry tests performed on plasma such as ammonia, carboxyhemoglobin and STAT electrolytes | green top tube |
| Cycle of infection | agent, portal exit, mode of transmission, portal entry, susceptible host |
| Define hematocrit | percentage by volume of packed red blood cells in a given sample of blood after centrifugation |
| Define medical asepsis | destruction of pathogenic microorganisms after they leave the body |
| Define surgical asepsis | all microbial life, pathogen and non pathogens are destroyed |
| Dermal puncture is made in | the fleshy portion of the finger slightly to the side of the center perpendicular to the lines of the fingerprints |
| Distilled water has a pH of | 7.0 pH or neutral |
| First aid for shock | open airway, call assistance, position head lower, control bleed if any, keep warm |
| For which procedure would you warm the site for a minimum of 3-4 minutes to increase blood flow? | dermal punctures (heel sticks) |
| Has an intrinsic firing rate of 40-60 bpm | Bundle of His |
| Heel sticks are performed on which patients? | infants less than 1 year old |
| How many electrodes are on a holter monitor? | 5 |
| If skin or eyes come in contact with chemicals wash area with water for? | 5 minutes |
| If the brachial artery is far below the heart level the BP reading can be | falsely high |
| normal firing rate of 60-100 bpm and is the primary pacemaker of the heart | SA Node |
| How long should the arm rest between reinflating the cuff during BP taking | 1-2 minutes |
| How many electrodes on a 12 lead EKG? | 10 |
| Order of draw for capillary specimens | lavender (pink), then tubes with other additives, than tubes with additives |
| Patient is on the left side with the right knee flexed against abdomen | Sim's Position |
| Patient laying on back with knees flexed, soles of feet on bed | Dorsal Recumbant |
| Patient lays on his/her stomach with head turned to one side for comfort | Prone position |
| PC | after a meal |
| Placed at the fifth inercostal space, anterior axillary line | V5 |
| PO | by mouth |
| PR | by way of rectum/suppository |
| PRN | as necessary or when needed |
| Pulse is taken where and how long | radial for 30sec x2, if tachy or brady take it 1 minute |
| QD | everyday |
| QHS | every night or bedtime |
| QID | four times a day |
| SL | sublingual |
| Receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium which it pumps to the lungs through the pulmonary artery | Right ventricle |
| Receives deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the body | Right atrium |
| Receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the body through the aorta | Left ventricle |
| Syncope | sudden loss of conciseness |
| Taking BP hearing two consecutive beats gives which reading | Systolic |
| The OGTT test is used for? | diagnosing diabetes mellitus and evaluating patients with frequent low blood sugar |
| The four principles of a physical examination? | inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultaion |
| The four elements of Negligence are? | duty, duty of care, derelict breach of duty of care, direct cause, damage |
| The innermost layer of the heart | endocardium |
| The sac containing the heart | pericardium |
| This fires at 20-40 bpm | purkinje fibers |
| this has a 1/10 of a delay to allow blood to flow from atria to ventricles | AV node |
| this is placed which lead is placed on the fifth intercostal space left midclavicular line | V4 |
| This position is used for examination of the pelvic organs? | Dorsal lithotomy |
| This position is used for rectal and vaginal examination? | Knee Chest position |
| This position is used for surgical procedures of pelvic and abdomen and also for shock treatment | Trendelenburg |
| This position is used to promote drainage or ease breathing | Fowler's |
| TID | three times a day |
| Unprivileged touching | battery |
| Used for instruments that easily corrode | dry heat sterilization |
| What are the symptoms of shock? | pale cold clammy skin, blank stare, rapid weak pulse, fast shallow breathing |
| What defines Standard Precautions? | All patients are presumed to be infective for blood borne pathogens |
| What is the least expensive and most available disinfectant for surfaces? | 1:10 bleach solution |
| What is the most important means of preventing the spread of infections? | handwashing |
| When checking for hormones in urine when do you collect the urine sample? | first voiding in the morning |
| When are OGTT scheduled to begin? | 0700-0900 |
| Which limb is the ground? | right leg |
| Which urine sample requires aseptic technique? | clean catch specimen |
| Which urine specimen provides the clearest, most accurate results? | clean catch midstream specimen |
| Why is the green top tube never used for hematology? | Green top additive heparin interferes with the Wright's stained blood test |
| OSHA stands for? | Occupational Safety Health Administration |
| HIPAA stands for? | Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act |
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