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Chap 20 Reproduction

The Reproductive system

QuestionAnswer
The cell division that results in gametes is called? Meiosis
Gametes for a male are called? sperm
gametes for a females are called? egg
One diploid cell contains how many chromosomes? 46
How many times does the diploid cell divide? twice
When the diploid cell divides you end up with 4? haploid cells
Each haploid cell contains how many chromosomes? 23
The haploid cell has a random distribution of mothers and fathers what? DNA
When the sperm and egg join together it is called what? A zygote
The zygote or fertilized egg has how many chromosomes? 46
The male reproductive system consists of the __________ and a series of __________ and __________? Testes, ducts and glands
Sperm are produced where? In the testes
Sperm is transported through the ______,_______,_______, and _________? Epididymus, ductus (vas), ejaculatory duct, and urethra.
The seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands produce secretions that mix with sperm to become what? Semen
The semen is ejaculated from the what? Urethra
What is the name of the paired organs in the sac called the scrotum? Testes
The testes develop near the what? Kidneys
What do the testes do before birth? Descend
When testes do not descend what is this called? Cryptochidism
Cryptochidism can result in what if not repaired? Sterility
The testes are normally what size? 1.5x1 inch
The testes are divided into what? lobes
Seminiferous tubules empty into the? Rete testes
Tubes that connect to the epididimus are called? Rete testes
What is the 20 ft long coiled tubes on the posterior of each testis called? Epididymis
The epididymis is connected to the seminiferous tubules by the? Rete testes
The _________ of sperm occurs in the epididymis? Maturation
What type of muscle moves the sperm? Smooth muscle
The sperm is moved into the? Ductus deferens
What is another name for the ductus deferens? Vas deferens
The Vas deferens run from the __________ to the __________ ________? Epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
The opening in the inguinal area for the spermatic cord is called? Inguinal canal
What is common in the inguinal canal? Hernia
The inguinal canal is made of what type of muscle? Smooth muscle
The connective tissue sheath is called what? Spermatic cord
The spermatic cord contains ______ _____, ________, and __________ _______? blood vessels, nerves and ductus deferens
The paired organs posterior to the bladder are called what? Seminal vesicles
The seminal vesicles secrete what? Fructose and alkaline
Fructose is secreted by the seminal vesicles as as what for sperm? Energy source
Alkaline is secreted by the seminal vesicles to do what? neutralize acidity of the vagina
The paired ducts that receive contents of seminal vesicles and ductus deferens are called? Ejaculatory ducts
The ejaculatory ducts empty into the what? Prostatic urethra
The muscular gland inferior to the bladder that surrounds the prostatic urethra is called? Prostatic gland
What size is the prostatic gland? walnut sized
The prostatic gland secretes what? alkaline liquid
The pea sized glands inferior to the prostatic urethra are called? Bullbourethral
The bullbourethral glands secrete alkaline liquid to neutralize acid from what? Urine in the urethra
The head of the penis is called? Glans penis
The penis is covered with what? foreskin
Another name for foreskin is? Prepuce
The surgical removal of the foreskin is called? circumcision
The process of producing sperm is called what? Spermatogenisis
Spermatogenisis occurs where? in the seminiferous tubules
What is the optimal temperature for producing sperm? 96
Sperm is produced where? In the testes
Seminiferous tubules contain what? Stem cells
The stem cells in the seminiferous tubules are called what? Spermatogonia
Spermatogonia undergo mitosis resulting in 2 what? Diploid cells
What does FSH stand for? Follicle stimulating hormone
FSH initiates sperm? Production
Gluetenizing hormone stimulates testosterone production in the what? Testes
What does inhibin do? Inhibits FSH
Sperm production begins at puberty which is between what ages? 10-14
Millions of sperm are produced how often? Daily
Sperm production diminishes with? Age
Sperm carried 23? Chromosomes
The acrosome of the sperm digests the cell membrane of the what? Egg
What part of the sperm provides motility? The flagellum
Sperm is powered by what? ATP
Sperm and secretions from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands is called? Semen
The pH of sperm is? 7.4
How many mL of sperm is there per ejaculation? 2-4 mL
How many sperm are in each mL of sperm ejaculated? 100 million
The female reproductive system is made up of? a pair of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, external genitalia
The paired oval shaped organs on each side of the uterus are called? Ovaries
Immature ovum or eggs are present in women from? Birth
There are several hundred __________ eggs from birth? thousand
What surround each oocyte or egg? follicle cells
The follicle cells secrete what? estrogen
What ligament attaches from medial end of the ovary to uterus? Ovarian ligament
What ligament is the fold of the peritoneum that covers the ovaries and attaches to the uterus? Broad ligament
The process of egg cell formation is called what? oogenesis
Oogenesis takes place where? In the ovaries
Ova production begins at _______ and continues until _________? puberty, menopause
The leteinizing hormone causes what? Ovulation
Ovulation is the release of what? Ovum or egg
4 inch long tubes from the ovary to the superior uterus are called? Fallopian tubes
Two other names for the fallopian tubes are? uterine tubes, or oviducts
The finger like projections superior to the ovary are called? Fimbriae
The fimbriae move to create a _______ to catch the ovum and pull it into the fallopian tube? Current
What moves the egg or zygote to the uterus? ciliated epithelium and peristalsis
The movement of the egg or zygote from the fallopian tube to the uterus takes how long? 4-5 days
Fertilization usually takes place in the what? Fallopian tubes
Once the egg is fertilized it is then called a what? Zygote
The zygote secrete a ________ and implants on the _________? Mucus, uterus
When the zygote implants outside the uterus it is called what? Ectopic
The pear shaped muscular organ posterosuperior to the bladder is called the? Uterus
The uterus contains the _______ during pregnancy? Placenta
The neck that opens into the vagina is called? Cervix
Serosa or outer layer of the uterus is called? Epimetrium
The superior part where fallopian tubes enter the uterus is called? Fundus
The main or central part of the uterus is called? The body
The middle layer of the uterus and made of smooth muscle is called the? Myometrium
The myometrium do what during delivery of a baby? Contract
The innermost layer of the uterus is called? Endometrium
What are the two layers of the endometrium? basilar layer, and functional layer
The muscular tube from cervix to vaginal orifice is called? Vagina
The pelvic floor is called? Perineum
The perineum is partially covered by a thin membrane called the ____ until first intercourse or use of tampons? Hymen
The vagina is made up of what type of epithelium? Stratified squamous epithelium
The vagina produces acidic pH that helps inhibit what? Pathogens
The small mass of erectile tissue anterior to urethra is called? Clitoris
The fat pad external to pubic sympysis covered in pubic hair is called? Mons pubis
The lateral folds of the skin on the external genitalia are called? Labia majora
The medial or smaller folds of skin surrounding the opening of the vagina is called? Labia minora
The mammary glands are made of what? Lactiferous glands
Modified sweat glands that produce milk are called? Lactiferous glands
Prolactin increases what? Milk production
Oxytocin causes what? Milk release
Milk release is stimulated by what? Sucking
The menstrual cycle is influence by what hormones? FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone
The menstrual cycle is usually every? 28 days
Created by: ShanellStock
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