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Alzheimers
Mod 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| TACRINE | Cholinesterase Inhibitor 4x a day first drug liver toxicity |
| GALANTAMINE | Cholinesterase Inhibitor 2x a day |
| RIVASTIGMINE | Cholinesterase Inhibitor 2x a day |
| DONEPREZIL | Cholinesterase Inhibitor 1x a day |
| MEMANTINE | NDMA Receptor Antagonist glutamine binds to NMDA receptor influx of Ca, Na, H2O stop Ca flow into cells excitotoxic theory rationale can be use with cholinesterase inhibitor |
| IBUPROFIN | NSAIDs |
| SULINDAC | NSAIDs |
| INDOMETHACIN | NSAIDs |
| What is the classification of Dementias? | Alzheimer's Disease Lewy Body Disease Multi-infarct |
| What are the treatable causes of dementia? | depression hypothyroidism blockage of CSF Vit B12 Deficiency Vit B6 Deficiency Tumors |
| Alzheimer's Brain effects | Hippocampus basal ganglia cortex lateral ventricles - dilated |
| What are the cause of early onset Alzheimer's Disease? | mutations in Amploid precursor protein (APP) Presenilin 1 (PS1) Presenilin 2 (PS2) result in increase total amlyoid-beta in brain and increase long amyloid-beta peptides (AB42) or make it more fibrillogenic |
| Which gene is protective against Alzheimer's Disease? increase risk? | APO-E2 (apolipoprotein E) = protective APO-E4 (bad) |
| What is the cause behind Alzheimer's? | loss of neurons in cerebral cortex and forebrain (ACh) intracellular neurofibrillary tangles form aggration of tau = neurotoxic effect |
| What is Tau? | Microtubule-assocaited protein (MAP) - in nerve cell bodies |
| What is Amyloid? | senile plaque protein fragment that builds up between neurons forming dense deposits outside and near neurons |
| SCOPOLAMINE | anticholinergic truth serum |
| What is the indicator for decrease in cholinergic levels? | decrease in acetylcholine synthetic enzyme decrease in acetyltransferase |
| What is a way to make early assessment of Alzheimer's? | CSF test: beta-amyloid 1-42 phosphorylated tau protein levels |
| vascular dementia | small or large vascular lesions causing focal damage stepwise deterioration no plaque or tangles |
| Dementia w/ Lewy Bodies | abnormal cells in cortex no plaque or tangles parkinson features sharp peak and troughs fluctuations in confusion hallucination and delusions sudden onset |
| What are Cholinerstrace Inhibitors? | prevent breakdown of acetylcholine treat mild to moderate severe AD |
| What are NSAIDs? | interact with amyloid-B in inflammatory cascade. change level of AB produced |
| What are Secretase Inhibitors? | reduces levels of abnormal amyloid protein fragment |
Created by:
prinny916
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