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Urinary System Ch18
Anatomy 120
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The kidneys are retroperitonel, which means they are? | Behind the peritonel. |
| The kidneys are cushioned by? | Fat |
| The kidneys are held in place by by the | renal fascia |
| The function of the renal fascia is to? | Hold the kidney in place. |
| The renal fascia is made of what? | fiborous connective tissue. |
| A ureter extends from what to what? | Kidney to the urinary bladder |
| The urethra extends from what to what? | urinary bladder to the exterior |
| The ureters takes urine from the kidney to to the what? | urinary bladder |
| The what takes urine from the bladder to the exterior? | urethra |
| The male urethra is enclosed by the prostate gland and the what? | penis |
| The outer layer of the kidney tissue is called what? | renal cortex |
| The inner layer of the kidney is called? | Renal medulla |
| Renal pyramids and renal medulla are the same thing? | True |
| The cavity on the medial side is called the? | renal pelvis |
| What is located in the renal medulla? | loops of henle |
| In calyces are part of the are part of the? | renal pelvis |
| In the kidney the renal pelvis has a funnel shaped extension called? | calyces |
| The renal pelvis empties urine into the? | ureter |
| Urine is formed from? | blood plasma |
| Two major parts of a nephron are? | renal corpuscle, renal tuble |
| A renal corpuscle consist of? | glomerulus and Bowman's capsule |
| a glomerulus is surrounded by | Bowmans Capsule |
| a glomerulus is a network of? | capillaries |
| A bowmans capsules has how many layers? | Two |
| The Bowmans layer that is permeable layer is the? | inner |
| The energy for renal filtration is provided by? | blood pressure |
| What does not become part of the renal filtrate in the process of glomerular filtration? | blood cells and large proteins |
| What may become part of filtration in the glomerular filtration? | water, waste products, and small proteins |
| The processes of reabsorption and secretion take place in the what portion of the nephron? | renal tuble |
| The renal tubles are surrounded by the? | peritubular capillaries |
| What is reabsorbed by the process of active transport? | glucose, amino acids, vitamins,and positive ions, |
| Water is reabsorbed by the process of? | osmosis |
| Negative ions are reabsorbed by the process of? | passive transports |
| Small proteins are reabsorbed by the process of? | pinocytosis |
| In the proximal convoluted tuble, the surface area of the cells is increased by the presence of? | microvilli |
| The renal artery is a branch of the? | abdominal aorta |
| The renal vein carried blood to the? | inferior vena cava |
| The hormone that directly increases the reabsorption of water is? | ADH |
| The hormone that increases the excretion of sodium ions in water is? | ANP |
| More water will excreted in the urine if ADH secretion decreases or increases? | Decreases |
| The purpose of the renin-angiotensn mechanism is to? | raise blood pressure |
| The retnal tubles are surrounded by the? | peritublar capillaries |
| In the proximal conoluted tubule, the surface area of the cells is increased by the? | Microvilli |
| The maximum amount of glucose that can be reabsorbed by the kidney tubules is called the? | threshold level |
| The process of tubular secretion may include the nitrogenous waste product is? | filtrate |
| The renal artery is a branch of the? | abdominal aorta |
| The renal vein carried blood to the? | inferior vena cava |
| The hormone that directly increases the reabsorption of water is? | ADH |
| The effect ADH is to? | increase the reabsortion of water. |
| The hormone that increases the excretion of sodium ions and water is? | aldosterone |
| The hormone that increases the excretion of potassium ions and water is? | ANP |
| The hormone that increases the reabsorption of calcium ions is? | PTH |
| More water will be excreted in urine if what is decreased? | ADH secretion |
| The kidneys respond to increased acidity of the blood by excreting? | hydrogen ions |
| The kidneys respond to increased alkalinity of the blood by retaining? | hydrogen ions |
| The part of the urinary bladder that expels urine is the | detrusor muscel |
| The purpose of the rein-angiotensin mechanism is to? | raise blood pressure |
| The internal urethral sphincter is usually contracted to prevent what? | outflow of urine |
| The part of the CNS that is directly involved in the urination reflex is the? | spinal cord |
| The stimulus for the urination reflex is stretching of the? | detrusor muscle |
| As part of the urination reflex, the internal urethral does what? | Relaxes |
| Voluntary control of the urination reflex is provided by the? | external urethral sphincter |
| Normal urinary output per 24 hour is? | 1 to 2 liters |
| The normal pH range of urine is? | 4.6 to 8.0 |
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