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A&P I Chapter 10
| Answer | Question |
|---|---|
| FALSE | A pair of tweezers is a good example of a second-class lever. |
| FALSE | Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage. |
| FALSE | Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same. |
| TRUE | Muscles are only able to pull, they never push. |
| TRUE | Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage. |
| TRUE | Movements of the thigh are accomplished by muscles anchored to the pelvic girdle. |
| TRUE | The biceps brachii inserts on the radius. |
| FALSE | The chewing muscle covering the ramus of the mandible is the buccinator. |
| FALSE | The deltoid is a prime mover of the arm that acts in adduction. |
| TRUE | The soleus is a synergist of the gastrocnemius during plantar flexion. |
| FALSE | Muscles that help to maintain posture are often called synergists. |
| TRUE | In order to propel food down to the esophagus, the pharyngeal constrictor muscles are used. |
| FALSE | Plantar flexion at the ankle joint is accomplished by the tibialis anterior muscle. |
| TRUE | The arrangement of a muscle's fascicles determines its range of motion and power. |
| TRUE | Muscle power does not depend on the direction of the fascicles. |
| TRUE | The calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) is the largest, strongest tendon in the body. |
| TRUE | The epicranius or occipitofrontalis has two bellies, the frontal and occipital. |
| TRUE | Electromyography is the recording and interpretation of graphic records of the electrical activity of contracting muscles. |
| FALSE | Severing of the patellar tendon would inactivate the hamstring group. |
| TRUE | The broadest muscle of the back is the latissimus dorsi. |
| TRUE | Muscle spasms of the back often are due to the erector spinae contraction. |
| TRUE | Muscles connecting to the hyoid bone are important for swallowing and speech. |
| TRUE | The muscles of facial expression insert into skin or other muscles, not bones. |
| a first-class lever | Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors? |
| fibularis tertius | What muscle is responsible for keeping your toes from dragging when walking? |
| the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum | What is the major factor controlling how levers work? |
| The fascicles are short and attach obliquely to a central tendon that runs the length of a muscle. | Which of the following describes fascicle arrangement in a pennate muscle? |
| the total number of muscle cells available for contraction | What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle? |
| an agonist | What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called? |
| The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively. | When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle? |
| There are over 600 muscles in the body. | Which of the following statements is true regarding the total number of skeletal muscles in the human body? |
| The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region. | The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean? |
| They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity. | Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles? |
| to stabilize the shoulder joint and help prevent downward location of the humerus and to assist in abduction | The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action? |
| extends and abducts the wrist and is short | The extensor carpi radialis brevis ________. |
| circular muscles | What are the muscles that are found at openings of the body collectively called? |
| the frontal belly of the epicranius | Which of the following muscles is involved in producing horizontal wrinkles in the forehead? |
| genioglossus | A cute, little curly-haired child is sitting behind you in church. You turn around for a moment and she sticks her tongue out at you. Which tongue muscle did she use? |
| the scalenes | Which group of muscles flexes and rotates the neck? |
| the sartorius | Which of the following muscles is involved in crossing one leg over the other while in a sitting position? |
| the gastrocnemius | Which of the following muscles inserts by the calcaneal tendon? |
| load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum | If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the ________. |
| coccygeus | Which of the following does not compress the abdomen? |
| synergist | A muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n) ________. |
| a synergist | What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts? |
| gracilis | Which of the following is not a member of the hamstrings? |
| buccinator | A nursing infant develops a powerful sucking muscle that adults also use for whistling. What is this muscle called? |
| sternocleidomastoid | Spasms of this straplike muscle often result in wryneck or torticollis. |
| During contraction the two articulating bones move equally. | Which generalization concerning movement by skeletal muscles is not true? |
| the type of muscle fibers | Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles? |
| diaphragm | Which of the choices below is the major muscle for breathing? |
| It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips. | Which of the following best describes the orbicularis oris?. |
| muscles look like a feather | In a pennate muscle pattern ________. |
| functional levers | What are the levers that operate at a mechanical advantage called? |
| the brachioradialis | Tennis players often complain about pain in the arm (forearm) that swings the racquet. What muscle is usually strained under these conditions? |
| internal intercostals and rectus abdominus | Which muscles is (are) contracted to exhale forcibly? |
| iliopsoas and rectus femoris | Paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the thigh? |
| in the body can operate at a mechanical advantage or mechanical disadvantage, depending on specific location | First-class levers ________. |
| All act on the tongue. | What do the geniohyoid, hyoglossus, and stylohyoid muscles have in common? |
| medial compartment of the thigh | Adductor magnus, adductor longus, and adductor brevis are parts of a large muscle mass of the ________. |
| third-class lever | If L = load, F = fulcrum, and E = effort, what type of lever system is described as LEF? |
| adductor magnus | Which of the following muscles is a flexor of the thigh? |
| tibialis anterior | Which of the following muscles is involved in inversion at the ankle joint? |
| the vastus lateralis | Which of the following muscles serves as a common intramuscular injection site, particularly in infants? |
| hamstring muscles | Paralysis of which of the following muscles would make an individual unable to flex the knee? |
| popliteus | Which of the following muscles does not act in plantar flexion? |
| Triceps brachii | ________ is a powerful forearm extensor. |
| serratus anterior | The ________ is known as the boxer muscle. |
| internal oblique | The ________ runs deep to the external oblique. |
| buccinator | The ________ helps keep food between the grinding surfaces of the teeth during chewing. |
| platysma | The ________ draws the corners of the mouth downward as in expressing horror. |
| masseter | The ________ is the main chewing muscle. |
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