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A&P I Chapter 10

Answer	Question
FALSE	A pair of tweezers is a good example of a second-class lever.
FALSE	Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage.
FALSE	Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same.
TRUE	Muscles are only able to pull, they never push.
TRUE	Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage.
TRUE	Movements of the thigh are accomplished by muscles anchored to the pelvic girdle.
TRUE	The biceps brachii inserts on the radius.
FALSE	The chewing muscle covering the ramus of the mandible is the buccinator.
FALSE	The deltoid is a prime mover of the arm that acts in adduction.
TRUE	The soleus is a synergist of the gastrocnemius during plantar flexion.
FALSE	Muscles that help to maintain posture are often called synergists.
TRUE	In order to propel food down to the esophagus, the pharyngeal constrictor muscles are used.
FALSE	Plantar flexion at the ankle joint is accomplished by the tibialis anterior muscle.
TRUE	The arrangement of a muscle's fascicles determines its range of motion and power.
TRUE	Muscle power does not depend on the direction of the fascicles.
TRUE	The calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) is the largest, strongest tendon in the body.
TRUE	The epicranius or occipitofrontalis has two bellies, the frontal and occipital.
TRUE	Electromyography is the recording and interpretation of graphic records of the electrical activity of contracting muscles.
FALSE	Severing of the patellar tendon would inactivate the hamstring group.
TRUE	The broadest muscle of the back is the latissimus dorsi.
TRUE	Muscle spasms of the back often are due to the erector spinae contraction.
TRUE	Muscles connecting to the hyoid bone are important for swallowing and speech.
TRUE	The muscles of facial expression insert into skin or other muscles, not bones.
a first-class lever	Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors?
fibularis tertius	What muscle is responsible for keeping your toes from dragging when walking?
the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum	What is the major factor controlling how levers work?
The fascicles are short and attach obliquely to a central tendon that runs the length of a muscle.	Which of the following describes fascicle arrangement in a pennate muscle?
the total number of muscle cells available for contraction	What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?
an agonist	What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called?
The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively.	When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle?
There are over 600 muscles in the body.	Which of the following statements is true regarding the total number of skeletal muscles in the human body?
The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region.	The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean?
They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.	Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles?
to stabilize the shoulder joint and help prevent downward location of the humerus and to assist in abduction	The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action?
extends and abducts the wrist and is short	The extensor carpi radialis brevis ________.
circular muscles	What are the muscles that are found at openings of the body collectively called?
the frontal belly of the epicranius	Which of the following muscles is involved in producing horizontal wrinkles in the forehead?
genioglossus	A cute, little curly-haired child is sitting behind you in church. You turn around for a moment and she sticks her tongue out at you. Which tongue muscle did she use?
the scalenes	Which group of muscles flexes and rotates the neck?
the sartorius	Which of the following muscles is involved in crossing one leg over the other while in a sitting position?
the gastrocnemius	Which of the following muscles inserts by the calcaneal tendon?
load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum	If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the ________.
coccygeus	Which of the following does not compress the abdomen?
synergist	A muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n) ________.
a synergist	What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts?
gracilis	Which of the following is not a member of the hamstrings?
buccinator	A nursing infant develops a powerful sucking muscle that adults also use for whistling. What is this muscle called?
sternocleidomastoid	Spasms of this straplike muscle often result in wryneck or torticollis.
During contraction the two articulating bones move equally.	Which generalization concerning movement by skeletal muscles is not true?
the type of muscle fibers	Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles?
diaphragm	Which of the choices below is the major muscle for breathing?
It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips.	Which of the following best describes the orbicularis oris?.
muscles look like a feather	In a pennate muscle pattern ________.
functional levers	What are the levers that operate at a mechanical advantage called?
the brachioradialis	Tennis players often complain about pain in the arm (forearm) that swings the racquet. What muscle is usually strained under these conditions?
internal intercostals and rectus abdominus	Which muscles is (are) contracted to exhale forcibly?
iliopsoas and rectus femoris	Paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the thigh?
in the body can operate at a mechanical advantage or mechanical disadvantage, depending on specific location	First-class levers ________.
All act on the tongue.	What do the geniohyoid, hyoglossus, and stylohyoid muscles have in common?
medial compartment of the thigh	Adductor magnus, adductor longus, and adductor brevis are parts of a large muscle mass of the ________.
third-class lever	If L = load, F = fulcrum, and E = effort, what type of lever system is described as LEF?
adductor magnus	Which of the following muscles is a flexor of the thigh?
tibialis anterior	Which of the following muscles is involved in inversion at the ankle joint?
the vastus lateralis	Which of the following muscles serves as a common intramuscular injection site, particularly in infants?
hamstring muscles	Paralysis of which of the following muscles would make an individual unable to flex the knee?
popliteus	Which of the following muscles does not act in plantar flexion?
Triceps brachii	________ is a powerful forearm extensor.
serratus anterior	The ________ is known as the boxer muscle.
internal oblique	The ________ runs deep to the external oblique.
buccinator	The ________ helps keep food between the grinding surfaces of the teeth during chewing.
platysma	The ________ draws the corners of the mouth downward as in expressing horror.
masseter	The ________ is the main chewing muscle.

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A&P I Chapter 10

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