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JB Anat & Phys
Skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| periosteum is the covering of the bone that contains ________________and ___________ | nerves, blood |
| periosteum provides nourishment for ______________ and _______________ | growth and nourishment |
| periosteum may be __________ during surgery with attached and immobilized after surgery for healing | separated, muscles |
| periosteum is surgically closed with __________ sutures | absorbable |
| epiphyses | ends of long bone |
| epiphyseal plate | cartilage disk near the end of long bones which provide for growth in length until ages 15 or 16. |
| epiphyseal plates can sometimes slip out of place and require | a fusion |
| Diaphysis | shaft of a long bone |
| Cortical Bone (compact bone | forms the hard shell of bone because of deposits of calcium, phosphorus and mineral salts |
| cancellous bone (compact bone) | contains pores and red marrow that makes blood cells |
| articular cartilage | protective layer covering articulating surfaces of the bone |
| medullary canal | space that runs through the center of the bone and is filled with yellow marrow |
| 4 types of bones | long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones |
| long bones | extremities - used for movement |
| short bones | small bones in the feet and hands (small movement) |
| flat bones | protective bones (ribs and cranium) |
| irregular bones | variable in shapes (vertebrae) |
| 3 types of joints | synarthroses, ampiarthroses, diarthroses |
| synarthroses | immovable joints that are fused, referred to as sutures |
| amphiarthroses | cartilage joints that are partially moveable found in between vertebra |
| Diarthroses | fully moveable joints lined with synovial fluid as a lubricant; held together by ligaments |
| Types of Diarthroses joints | ball and socket (shoulder and hip), hinge joints, condyloid joint, pivot joint, gliding joint, saddle joint |
| ball and socket joint gives the ______________ range of motion | widest |
| hinge joint provides ________________and ______like at the elbow and knee | flexion and extension |
| condyloid joint has an oval shaped rounded surface that fits in an elliptical capability and provides movements in different place examples of condyloid joints are______________ | metacarpals and phalanges |
| pivot joint: projection through a ring that provides for rotation an example would be_____________ | cranium |
| gliding joints are flat surfaces sliding and twisting in different planes as seen in the | wrists and ankles |
| saddle joint is a saddle shaped joint fitting into another saddle shaped joint as found in the | thumb |
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