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CG Law Terms

QuestionAnswer
larceny taking someone's property with the intention of stealing it; stealing property without using force
civil law laws that guide how people relate with each other such as in business
criminal law laws that guide public conduct
plaintiff the person bringing the complaint to court in a civil case
prosecutor the lawyer(s) representing the government, filing charges against the accused
defendant the person responding to the charges/complaint brought against them
preponderance of evidence in a civil trial, there is enough evidence to suggest that the defendant probably did it
beyond a reasonable doubt enough evidence to gain a conviction in criminal court
felony serious crimes; usually punishable by more than 2.5 years in prison
misdemeanor less serious crimes; usually punishable by less than 2.5 years in prison
first degree murder premeditated murder that involves intent
second degree murder homicide that takes place with in the commission of another felony, such as rape or robbery
third degree murder homicide that involves intent, but does not require premeditation
voluntary manslaughter homicide with intent, no premeditation, for an understandable reason
involuntary manslaughter unintentional homicide caused by reckless or negligent behavior
extortion taking property of another using threat of future harm; also called blackmail
embezzlement taking someone's property that was entrusted to you
burglary entering an enclosed structure against the consent of the owner
entrapment defense claiming the accused was solicited to commit a crime by a police officer
restitution a sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury
intent the offender meant to commit the crime
accessory before the fact helping the principal in the commission of a crime
solicitation encouraging someone to commit a crime
conspiracy two or more people plan to commit a crime
euthanasia mercy killing
precedent a ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case
motive the reason a person commits a crime
bail the legal system that allows an accused person to be temporarily released from custody (usually on condition that a sum of money guarantees their appearance at trial)
litigant either the defendant or the plaintiff
miranda warning ..., warnings police must give persons detained or arrested as criminal suspects
deposition ..., (law) a pretrial interrogation of a witness
parole ..., (law) a conditional release from imprisonment that entitiles the person to serve the remainder of the sentence outside the prison as long as the terms of release are complied with
probation ..., (law) a way of dealing with offenders without imprisoning them
juvenile ...an underage defendant
no contest ...a plea before the court in which the defendant does not admit guilt but concedes the alleged charges without offering a defense
warrant ...a written order issued by a judicial officer or other authorized person commanding a law enforcement officer to perform some act incident to the administration of justice
plead ...accused person makes a formal reply to a charge in a criminal court
sentence ..., (criminal law) a final judgment of guilty in a criminal case and the punishment that is imposed
appeal ..., (law) a legal proceeding in which the appellant resorts to a higher court for the purpose of obtaining a review of a lower court decision and a reversal of the lower court's judgment or the granting of a new trial
Created by: rockcastle
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