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Eyes & Ears
The Eyes & Ears, Ch.12&13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ophthalm/o, or ocul/o | eye(s) |
| ophthalmic | pertaining to an eye |
| ophthalmologist | a specialist in the study of the eyes |
| -algia | pain |
| ophthalmalgia | a condition of pain in an eye |
| intraocular | pertaining to within an eye |
| endophthalmitis | inflammation of an eye's inner layer |
| ophthalmorrhagia | a rapid flow of blood from an eye |
| -rrhagia | rapid flow of blood |
| ophthalmopathy | a disease condition of an eye |
| ocular prosthesis | an artificial eye |
| ophthalmoscope | a lighted instrument used to view an eye |
| -orrhea | flow |
| ophthalmoscopy | the process of viewing an eye with a lighted instrument |
| oculomycosis | an abnormal condition of an eye caused by a fungus |
| binocular | pertaining to two (bin-) eyes |
| blephar/o | eyelid(s) |
| blepharitis | inflammation of an eyelid |
| blepharoplasty | surgical repair of an eyelid |
| blepharoptosis | drooping or sagging (prolapse)(-ptosis) of an eyelid |
| conjuctiv/o | conjunctiva(e -plural)mucous membrane lining of an eyelid |
| conjuctivitis | inflammation of a conjunctiva AKA pinkeye |
| scler/o | sclera(e)is the opaque portion of an eye |
| opaque means | light will not pass through it |
| scleritis | inflammation of a sclera |
| sclerotomy | surgical incision of a slera |
| sclerostomy | a new or artificial opening into a sclera |
| corne/o, or kerat/o | cornea(s) |
| A cornea is the | transparent portion of a sclera |
| Transparent means | light will pass through it |
| corneal abrasion | pertaining to a scraped or scratched cornea |
| A corneal abrasion is commonly caused by a | Foreign Body (FB) |
| keratitis | inflammation of a cornea |
| keratoplasty | surgical repair of a cornea |
| sclerokeratitis | inflammation of a sclera and cornea |
| keratometer | an instrument to measure a cornea |
| iri/o, or irid/o | iris(es) are the colored portion of an eye (and is covered by the cornea) |
| iritis | inflammation of an iris |
| iridectomy | excision of section of an iris |
| iridosclerotomy | a surgical incision of an iris and sclera |
| iridoplegia | paralysis of an iris |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| corneoiritis | inflammation of a cornea and iris |
| cor/o, or core/o, or pupill/o | pupil(s) |
| A pupil is an | opening (os, orifice, meatus) in the center of an iris |
| pupillary | pertaining to a pupil |
| pupillometer | an instrument used to measure a pupil |
| leukocoria | a condition of a white pupil |
| The pupils have the ability to enlarge (increase) in size is called | pupillary dilation (low light) |
| The pupils have the ability to decrease in size is called | pupillary constriction (high light) |
| retin/o | retina(e) |
| the function of each retina is to | perceive light |
| photo- | light |
| photoretinitis | inflammation of a retina caused by extreme light |
| retinopathy | disease condition of a retina |
| retinoblastoma | tumor or mass of a retina |
| retinal detachment | separation of a retina from an eye |
| cryoretinopexy | surgical fixation of a retina by freezing |
| cry/o | freezing |
| retinitis pigmentosa | a genetic degeneration of the retinae |
| phac/o | crystalline lens(es) |
| The purpose of each crystalline lens is to | reflect light on the retinae |
| relection means to | bend (focus) light |
| phacocele | herniation of a (crystalline) lens |
| dacry/o or lacrim/o | tear |
| dacryoadenitis | inflammation of a lacrimal (tear) gland |
| lacrimate | to produce tears (cry) |
| nasolacrimal | pertaining to the nose and lacrimal(tear) duct(s) |
| dacryocystorhinostomy | artificial opening between a lacrimal(tear) sac(bladder (cyst/o)) and the nose |
| dacryocystotomy | surgical incision of a (lacrimal) tear sac(bladder) |
| dacryocystitis | inflammation of a (lacrimal) tear sac (bladder) |
| opt/o or -opia | vision |
| optometrist or optician | a specialist in the measurement of vision |
| optic | pertaining to vision |
| optometer | an instrument used to measure vision |
| optomyometer | an instrument to measure the muscles of vision |
| emmetropia (emmetropic) (Em) | normal vision |
| hyperopia (hyperopic) | farsightedness (can see things clearly far away) |
| myopia (myopic) | nearsightedness (can see things clearly near/close up) |
| nyctalopia (nyctalopic) | poor vision at night AKA night blindness |
| presbyopia (presbyopic) | impaired vision as a result of aging |
| diplopia | a condition of double vision |
| strabismus | deviation of the eyes in different directions |
| exotropia (exotropic) | an eye deviates outward AKA "wall-eyed" |
| esotropia (esotropic) | an eye deviates inward AKA "cross-eyed" |
| hypertropia (hypertropic) | an eye deviates upward |
| hypotropia (hypotropic) | an eye deviates downward |
| hyper- | far, up |
| hypo- | down, |
| amblyopia (amblyopic) | poor vision associated with strabismus AKA "lazy eye syndrome" |
| orthoptic training | eye exercises designed to correct strabismus |
| strabotomy | surgical incision of muscle or tendon of an eye to correct strabismus |
| enucleation | surgical removal of an eye |
| photophonia (photophobic) | sensitivity to light |
| orbits | the bony cavities of the cranium (skull) that contains and protects the eyeballs |
| papilledema | swellling and inflammation of an optic nerve indicative of increased IntraCranial Pressure(ICP) |
| nystagmus | an involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeballs |
| fluorescein angiography | the process of recording (X-rays) the blood vessels of an eye after IntraVenous(I.V.) injection of a radiopaque dye |
| peripheral vision | lateral vision when looking straight ahead |
| cataract | clouding (opacity) of a lens |
| phacoemulsification | the use of an ultrasonic needle probe to break up and aspirate an opaque lens. http://www.thecoplow.co.uk/cataract/surgery.html |
| glaucoma | abnormally increased IntraOcular Pressure(IOP) |
| Glaucoma can damage the retinae(plural) and lead to | permanent blindness |
| tonometer | an instrument to measure IntraOcular Pressure(IOP) |
| Tonometry is a test for | glaucoma |
| chalazion | obstruction of a sebaceous(oil) gland of an eyelid |
| sty (hordeolum) | infection of a sebaceous(oil) gland of an eyelid |
| Visual Acuity (VA) | the ability of the eye(s) to focus |
| Snellen eye chart | block letters in successive lines of decreasing size used to check visual acuity |
| astigmatism (Ast) | defective curvature of a lens |
| LASIK | Laser Assisted in Situ Keratoplasty (Tx(treatment) for myopia(nearsightedness)) |
| PhotoRefractive Keratectomy(PRK) | laser surgery to correct myopia(nearsightedness) |
| Radial Keratotomy(RK) | surgery to correct myopia(nearsightedness) |
| Conductive Keratoplasty (CK) | surgery using radio waves to correct hyperopia(farsightedness) |
| Implantable Collamer Lens(ICL) | prosthetic lens surgically implanted to correct myopia |
| DR | Diabetic Retinoplasty |
| O.D. | right eye or OverDose (D..drive with right hand) |
| O.S. | left eye (S..signal with left hand) |
| O.U. | both eyes |
| PEARRLA | Pupils Equal And Round, React to Light + Accommodation |
| Accommodation means | the ability to focus |
| REM | Rapid Eye Movement |
| REM sleep signals the onset of | dreaming |
| VA | Visual Acuity (ability of the eyes to focus), Veterans Administration |
| VF | Visual Field |
| ot/o, aur/i, aur/o | ear |
| Otitis Media (OM) | inflammation of a middle ear |
| otalgia | a condition of ear pain |
| otomycosis | an abnormal condition of fungus in an ear |
| otitis externa | inflammation of an outer(external) ear |
| otopyorrhea | purulent(pus) discharge(flow) from an ear |
| otoscope | a lighted instrument to view an ear |
| otologist | a specialist in the study of the ears |
| otorhinolaryngologist(ENT) | a specialist in the study of the Ears, Nose, and Throat |
| aural | pertaining to an ear |
| auricle | the outer cartilaginous flap of an ear AKA a pinna |
| myring/o, tympan/o | tympanic membrane AKA eardrum |
| myringitis or tympanitis | inflammation of a tympanic membrane(eardrum) |
| myringotomy | surgical incision of a tympanic membrane(eardrum) |
| tympanorrhexis | rupture(-rrhexis) of a tympanic membrane(eardrum) |
| tympanoplasty | surgical repair of an eardrum(tympanic membrane) |
| tympanometer | an instrument to measure the function of an eardrum(tympanic membrane) |
| tympanometry | the process of measuring the function of an eardrum(tympanic membrane) |
| acous/o, audi/o | hearing |
| acoustic neuroma | tumor or mass of an acoustic(auditory) nerve |
| audiometer or acoumeter | an instrument to measure hearing |
| audiometry | the process of measuring hearing |
| audiogram | a record of hearing |
| audiologist | a specialist in the study of hearing |
| labyrinth/o | labyrinth |
| Each labyrinth is found in the | inner ear and aids in balance & equilibrium |
| labyrinthitis | inflammation of a labyrinth |
| labyrinthectomy | excision of a labyrinth |
| cochle/o | cochlea |
| the function of each cochlea is to | perceive sound vibrations |
| cochlear implant | a prosthetic device designed to treat deafness caused by a dysfunctional cochlea |
| auditory ossicles | 3 bones of the middle ear |
| The names of these Auditory Ossicles are | 1.Malleus(hammer) 2.Incus(anvil) 3.Stapes(stirrup) |
| oval window | where a staples connects to a cochlea |
| Eustachian Tubes | bilateral tibes(ducts, vessels) that connect each middle ear to the pharynx(throat) |
| The purpose of the Eustachian tubes is to | equalize pressure and prevent tympanorrhexis |
| mastoiditis | inflammation of a mastoid bone |
| mastoid bone | a cranial bone located posterior to an external auditory meatus(os, orifice) |
| Each mastoid bone can | transmit(conduct) vibrations to the cochleas to aid in hearing |
| otomastoiditis | inflammation of an ear and mastoid bone |
| mastoidotomy | surgical incision of a mastoid bone |
| mastoidectomy | excision of a mastoid bone |
| ceruminoma | tumor or mass of the glands that secrete cerumen(earwax) |
| anacusis | deafness |
| presbycusis | hearing impairment related to aging |
| decibel | a unit of measurement for the loudness of sound |
| tinnitus | ringing or buzzing of the ear(s) |
| tuning fork | a dignostic instrument to measure hearing |
| conduction impairment | dysfunction of the structures of an ear that effect vibration(conduction) transmission |
| Meniere's disease | a disorder of the labyrinths that leads to progressive loss of hearing, vertigo(dizziness), and tinnitus(ringing in the ears) |
| A.D. | right ear |
| A.S. | left ear |
| A.U. | both ears |
| HOH | Hard Of Hearing |
| PET | Pressure Equalization Tube(s) or Positron Emission Tomography |
Created by:
pattiluv
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