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part 3 of test 7
parathyroid
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| glands embedded on the back surface of the thyroid gland that regulates calcium | Parathyroid glands |
| two-section gland behind the sternum breast bone that we recall has a lymphatic-immune association, contains disease fighting white blood cell lymphocytes | thymus gland |
| hormone stimulates development and output of the body's most powerful white blood cell lymphocytes called T-cells | Thymosin |
| two 2x2 pyramid-shaped glands, one one each that sits atop each kidney that have two distinctively different parts, tissuses and functions: | Adrenal gland |
| outer part is yellow colored and secretes two hormones 1. aldosterone 2. cotisol | cortex |
| regulates fluid, salt, and electrolyte mineral levels | Aldosterone |
| regulates blood sugar (glucose) levels known as stress hormone | Cortisol |
| inner part secretes two hormone that deal with fight or flight challenging, threatening, stressful, emergency situations. ignite alarm reaction reflex | medulla |
| released immediately into the bloodstream to trigger extra liver-stocked glycogen-sugar to be released for added strength | epinerphrine |
| last longer in emergency situations in case the emergency requires hours instead of minutes | norepinephrine |
| millions of small clusters of cells throughout the inner pancreas that function to control blood sugar, and secrete two opposite hormone | island of langerhans |
| released when we eat, particularly carbohydrates, and when these carbs enter it carries it onto cells for energy or storage use | insulin |
| released when we havent eaten. tells the liver we need nourishment | glucagon |
| clear transparent protective window membrane over the exposed part of the eyeball that is lubricated by tears | conjunctiva |
| clear outer covering thats unique in that it has NO blood vessels | cornea |
| white globe part round shape of eyeball. six muscles attach to this | sclera |
| curved, adjustable structure similar to a magnifying glass that allows for fine focusing of both near and far objects. | lens |
| change its curve-ability shape, which automatically responds to the proximity/distance of an object, creating a sharper image, and thus, accommodates | ciliary muscles |
| when lens are uneven, and thus unequal focusing | astigmatism |
| when the lens are cloudy | cataract |
| hole in the center of the eye. it controls light brightness by widening in dim light and closing in bright | pupil |
| thin, multi-layered tissue about the size of a fingernail that covers 75% of the back of the eye and serves as the screen | retina |
| discern color because they contain the three basic spectrum pigments with wide variations | cones |
| that only see black and white, because they have only one light-sensitive pigment, and therefore cannot discern color; however, this is not all bad because we can see in the dark for night vision | rods |
| inherited condition of absent retina cones | color blindness |
| when one of the many retina layers becomes seperated | detached retina |
| eye-ball is either too short or too long, and images fall either short, of or too far beyond, the retina screen | far or near sigtedness |
| images leave the retina from the back of the eyeball and travel to the brain, which then gets images right side up and puts everything into meaningful patterns/images | optic nerve |
| tears contain anti-bacteria agent called this | Lysozyme |
| constantly lubricate and clean the eyes | basal |
| wash away irritants and foreign matter | reflex |
| crying tears when hormones are present | emotional |
| tears are carried to the eye surface by 12 tiny ducts that lie under the eyelids | lacrimal ducts |
| tears drain here | Nasolarcrimal duct |
| eyeball is filler with this completely clear gel fluid that functions to maintain eyeball shape, inflation, pressure, and to keep retina screen in place | Aqueous Humor |
| pressure could build with the eyeball and begin to "kill" all of the retina's rod and cone photo-receptors as well as cutting off blood supply to the optic nerve | glaucoma |
| thinnest skin of the body, but muscle-structure capable of a very quick blink reflex | eyelids |
| protect eyes against environmental items such as pollen and can also sense when something is coming toward the eye, giving us a micro-second to react | eyelashes |
Created by:
jrb022
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