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Biomech3
The Lower Extremity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pelvic bones= | ilium, ischium, pubis |
| anterior muscles of the hip joint= | iliopsoas, pectineus, rectus femoris, sartorius, tenor fasciae latae |
| posterior muscles of the hip joint= | biceps fermoris, semitendonosus, semimembranous, gluteus maximus, 6 deep lateral rotators |
| medial muscles of the hip joint= | adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor mangus, gracialis |
| lateral muscles of the hip joint= | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus |
| Sartorius- | O= anterior superior iliac spine and notch below spine of ilium I= anterior medial surface of tibia just below condyle IV= femoral nerve (L2, L3) |
| what are the hamstring muscles? | biceps femoris, semitendonosus, semimembranosus |
| Rectus Femoris- | O= anterior inferior iliac spine of ilium and groove (posterior) above acetabulum I= superior aspect of patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity IV= femoral nerve (L2-L4) |
| Gluteus Maximus- | O= posterior 1/4 of crest of ilium, posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx near ilium and fascia of lumbar area I= oblique ridge/ gluteal tuberosity on lateral surface of greater trochanter and IT band of fascia latae |
| knee medial collateral ligament- | medial epicondyle of femur to medial epicondyle of tibia, controls extension and bilateral movement |
| knee lateral collateral ligament- | lateral epicondyle of femur to lateral surface of fibula, controls extension and medial motion |
| knee ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) | anterior intercondyloid fossa of tibia to medial surface of lateral condyle of femur, controls anterior tibial translation |
| knee PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) | posterior intercondyloid fossa of tibia to lateral and anterior portion of medial epicondyle of femur; controls posterior tibial translation |
| what are the quad muscles? | rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius |
| what does the rectus femoris do? | powerful knee extension |
| what does the vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius do? | also extension of the knee |
| what does the sartorius do? | flexion and internal rotation non weight bearing |
| what does the biceps femoris do? | hip extension, knee flexion, external rotation of hip and knee |
| what does the semitendonosus do? | hip extension, knee flexion, and internal rotation of hip and knee |
| what does the semimembranosus do? | hip extension, knee flexion, and internal rotation of hip and knee |
| Hamstring: biceps femoris | O of long head- tibial tuberosity O of short head= linea aspera I= lateral tibial condyle, head of fibular, IV of long head= sciatic nerve S1-S3 tibial division IV of short head= sciatic nerve L5, S1, S2 peroneal division |
| Hamstring: semitendinosus | O= ischial tuberosity and I= anterior medial surface of tibi below condyle, IV= sciatic nerve tibial divsion L5, S1, S2 |
| Hamstring: semimembranosus | same O and IV as semitendonosus (O= ischial tuberosity (IV= sciatic nerve tibial divison L5, S1, S2) I= posteromedial surface of medial tibial condyle |
| gastrocnemius- | O= medial and lateral posterior surface of femoral condyles I= acilles tendon IV= tibial nerve (S1,S2) |
| vastus intermedius- | O= upper 2/3 of ant surf femur I= upper border patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity IV= femoral nerve (S1, S2) |
| vastus medialis- | O= whole length linea aspera and medial condyloid ridge, I= medial half upper border of patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity IV= femoral nerve (L2-L4) |
| vastus lateralis- | O= intertrochanteric line, ant and inf surface of greater trochanter I= lateral border patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity IV= femoral nerve (L2-L4) |
| plantarflexors- | peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, peroneus tertius, gastrocs, soleus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis |
| dorsiflexors- | tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus |
| what kind of joint is the ankle? | talocrural joint (talus and distal tibial) hinge joint |
| what can the ankle do? | 50 degree plantar flex, 15-20 degree dorsiflex, inversion and eversion |
| movements of the ankle | dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, eversion, inversion, toe flex, toe ext, pronation, supination |
| 2 arches of the foot | longitudinal and transverse |
| Sections of the Spine | 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 4-5 coccygeal |
| intervertebral discs | annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus |
| annulus fibrosus | tough outer layer, dense fibrocartilage |
| nucleus pulposus | inner, gel-like center |
| muscle that moves the head: sternocleidomastoid | head and neck flexion, rotation to opposite side |
| muscle that moves the head: splenius | both sides- extension of head and neck, rotation; R side- rotation and lateral flexion to right L side- rotation and lateral flexion to left |
| muscles that moves the head: scalenes | flexion and lateral extension of head to same side |
| semispinalis- | lateral flexion, extension, and rotation |
| quadratus lumborum- | lateral flexion, pelvic and lumbar stabilizer, rotation against resistance |
| errector spinae- | extension, lateral flexion, ant pelvic rotation, lateral pelvic rotation |
Created by:
sbush0804
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