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MedTerm Quiz 10
Ch 11 Endocrine System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Endocrine System | secretes hormones & regulates many body activities (metabolic rate, water & mineral balance, immune system & sexual function) |
| acr/o | extremities |
| adren/o | adrenal glands |
| adrenal/o | adrenal glands |
| andr/o | male |
| calc/o | calcium |
| crin/o | secrete |
| estro/o | female |
| glyc/o | sugar |
| glycos/o | sugar |
| home/o | sameness |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| parathyroid/o | parathyroid gland |
| pituitar/o | pituitary gland |
| thym/o | thymus gland |
| thyr/o | thyroid gland |
| thyroid/o | thyroid gland |
| -crine | to secrete |
| -disia | thirst |
| -prandial | relating to a meal |
| homeostasis | maintaining a stable internal environment |
| adrenal | pertaining to the adrenal glands |
| adrenomegaly | enlarged adrenal gland |
| adrenopathay | adrenal gland disease |
| adrenalectomy | removal of the adrenal glands |
| adrenalitis | inflammation of the an adrenal gland |
| endocrinologist | specialist in the endocrine system |
| hyperglycemia | excessive sugar in the blood |
| hypoglycemia | low sugar in the blood |
| pancreatic | pertaining to the pancreas |
| pituitary | pertaining to the pituitary gland |
| thymic | pertaining to the thymus gland |
| thymectomy | removal of the thymus |
| thymitis | inflammation of the thymus |
| thymoma | thymus tumor |
| thyromegaly | enlarged thyroid |
| thyroidectomy | removal of the thyroid |
| polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| polyuria | condition of too much urine |
| glycosuria | sugar in the urine |
| acidosis | excessive acidity in body fluids |
| edema | excessive amounts of fluid in the body tissues |
| endocrinology | branch of medicine that deals with diagnosis and treatment of the endocrine system |
| endocrinologist | Endocrine system specialist |
| hirsutism | excessive amounts of hair |
| syndrom | group of symptons or signs that point to a specific condition or disease |
| diabetes mellitus | chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism |
| diabetic retinopathy | secondary complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels of the retina, resulting in visual changes and even blindness. |
| insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus | patient must take insulin injections |
| ketoacidosis | acidosis due to excess of acidic ketone bodies- can result in death. |
| non-insulin-dependent diabetes | type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| peripheral neuropathy | damage to the nerves in the lower legs and hands from diabetes. (Symptons: extreme sensitivity or numbness and tingling) |
| tetany | nerve irritability and painful muscle cramps resulting from hypocalcemia. |
| acromegaly | elongation and enlargement of the bones of the head and extremeties. Due to excessive amount of growth hormone in an adult. |
| dwarfism | abnormally short in height, lack of a growth hormone. |
| gigantism | overproduction of the growth hormone by the pituitary gland in a child or teenager. The opposite of dwarfism. |
| goiter | enlargement fo the thyroid gland |
| fasting blood sugar (FBS) | blood test to measure the amount of sugar circulation throughout the body after a 12 hour fast. |
| Glucose tolerance test (GTT) | test to determine the blood sugar levels after the administration of glucose. |
| two hour postprandial glucose tolerance test | the patient eats a high carbohydrate diet and then fast overnight before the test. |
| insulin | administered to replance insulin in type 1 or severe type 2 diabetics |
| oral hypoglycemic agents | medications taken by mouth that cause a decrease in blood sugar, not used by insulin dependent patients. |
| BMR | basal metabolic rate |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test |
| K+ | potassium |
| Na+ | Sodium |
| body has two types of glands | exocrine glands and endocrine glands |
| exocrine glands | release their secreations into ducts that carry them outside the body |
| endocrine glands | release their hormones into the bloodstream |
| You have two adrenal glands that are located | above the kidneys |
| Each adrenal gland is composed of | adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla |
| The adrenal cortex regulates (3) | Na+, K+ and carbohydrates |
| the adrenal medulla regulates (2) | norepinephrine and epinephrine, aka adrenaline |
| ovaries produce (2) | estrogen and progesterone |
| pancrease produces (2) | insuline and glucagon |
| Insulin with ___________ the blood sugar level while glucagon with _______________ it | decrease, increase |
| parathyroid gland | regulates the Ca+ in the bloodstream |
| pineal gland | pinecone shaped and secretes melatonin |
| pituitary gland AKA | master gland, because several of its secretions regulate other endocrine glands, located underneath of the brain. |
| testes secrete | testosterone |
| thymus gland | part of the immune system |
| thyroid gland | uses iodine to help regulate the production of energy and heat in the body to adjust the body's metabolic rate. |
Created by:
lynette.thorpe
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