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Chp 13-14,18-19
Pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Infertility: | The inability to produce offspring, AKA sterility |
| Fertility drugs: | Meds used to treat infertility AKA ovulation stimulating drugs |
| ART: | Assisted Reproductive Technologies |
| Fertility drugs work by: | blocking estrogen receptors on the ovaries causing the ovaries to signal the pituitary gland to secrete LH and FSH |
| LH: | lutenizing hormone |
| FSH: | follicle stimulating hormone (causes the egg to mature) |
| Fertility drugs include: | Repronex, Profasi or Pregnyl AKA human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) |
| HCG: | human chorionic gonadotropin |
| Profasi / Pregnyl AKA: | HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) |
| Terbutaline: | Treats premature labor |
| Pitocin: | AKA oxytocin; used to induce labor |
| Oxytocin causes: | the uterus to contract |
| Meds to treat postpartum bleeding: | Ergotrate and Methergine; stimulated the uterus to contract |
| Contraception: | against conception |
| Oral medications designed to interfere with conception are called: | OCPs and BCPs |
| OCPs are a combination of: | estrogen and progestin (progesterone) |
| OCPs include: | YAZ, YASMIN 28, Beyaz, Trinessa, Loestrin 24 Fe, Ocella, Aviane, Kariva, Orthro Tri-Cyclen Lo, Ortho-Novum, Ovcon, Seasonique |
| YAZ: | OCP |
| YASMIN 28: | OCP |
| Beyaz: | OCP |
| Trinessa: | OCP |
| Loestrin 24 Fe: | OCP |
| OCPs containing 50 ug of estrogen has been linked with a higher incidence of: | Lupus Erythematosus |
| OCPs containing 30 mcg of estrogen do not: | increase the risk of Lupus |
| Ocella: | OCPS |
| Aviane: | OCP |
| Kariva: | OCP |
| Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo: | OCP |
| Ortho-Novum: | OCP |
| Ovcon: | OCP |
| Seasonique: | OCP |
| Antagonists to OCPs include: | antibiotics and St. John's wort |
| Nuva Ring: | once a month vaginally inserted estrogen and progestin contraceptive that is left in for 3 weeks of every month |
| Progestin only contraceptives include: | Depo-Sub Q Provera, Ovrette, Progestasert, Mirena |
| Overette: | progestin only OCP |
| Progestasert: | 1 year IUD; progestin only OCP |
| Mirena: | 5 year IUD; progestin only OCP |
| Progestin only contraceptives are: | slightly less effective in preventing pregnancy |
| To be effective, progestin only OCPs must be taken: | every day and at the same time each day |
| Paragard: | Cu (copper) based IUD; prompts the release of WBCs and prostaglandins from the endometrium |
| Leukocytes and prostaglandins are hostile towards: | spermatozoa and ova |
| Paragard is also an emergency contraceptive if inserted within: | 3-5 days after unprotected intercourse |
| Signs and symptoms associated with menopause include: | dyspareunia, hot flashes, mood swings, insomnia, fatigue, Xeroderma |
| Medications commonly prescribed to relieve the signs and symptoms of menopause are called: | ERT and HRT |
| Diseases associated with menopause include: | Macular degeneration, OP, AD, tooth loss |
| ERT or HRT includes: | Premarin, Prempro, Femhrt |
| Premarin: | ERT/HRT |
| Prempro: | ERT/HRT |
| Femhrt: | ERT/HRT |
| Adverse effects of estrogen OCPs and ERT include: | Thrombus formation, esp. in smokers over 35, increased rick of breast malignancy |
| Progestion only OCPs do not increase the risk of: | thrombus formation |
| Medication to include abortion: | Mifeprex |
| Oral med to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse: | Preven(estrogen and progesterin), Plan B (progesterin) |
| Med to prevent seizures associated with eclampsia: | magnesium sulfate |
| The second child of an Rh+ father and a Rh- mother can be afflicted en utero with a condition called: | Erythroblastosis Fetalis AKA Rh incompatibility disease |
| EF occurs when: | mothers immune system perceives the fetus as foreign and produces antibodies to attack it |
| A medication prescribed to prevent erythroblastosis fetalis (EF) is called : | RhoGAM |
| Medications contraindicated during breast feeding include: | ASA, antisussives w/ ETOH, antihistamines except non-drowsy Claritin or Alavert |
| Signs/symptoms of PMS: | dysmenorrhea, breast tenderness, fluid retention, mood swings |
| Meds to treat PMS: | Midol, Pamprin, Premsyn |
| Signs/symptoms of PMDD: | dpression, anxiety, sleep disturbances |
| Meds to reat PMDD: | Xanax, Zoloft, YAZ |
| YAZ also treats: | chronic acne |
| Primary thyroid hormone: | thyroxine AKA T3 and T4 |
| Thyroxine is necessary because: | it regulates proper metabolism |
| Metabolism is: | the rate at which the body burns energy |
| Hyposecretion of thyroxine: | myxedema |
| Meds to treat myxedema: | thyroid supplements |
| Thyroid supplements include: | Thylor, levothroxine (Synthroid), Levoxyl |
| Thylor | thyroid supplemnt |
| Synthroid | (levothyroxine) thyroid supplement |
| Levoxyl | thyroid supplement |
| A synthetic GH" | somatropin AKA Humatrope |
| A synthetic ADH: | vasopressin AKA pitressin |
| ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
| Corticosteroids are powerful: | SAIDS |
| SAIDS include: | cortisone, dexamethasone AKA Decadron, hydrocortisone AKA Cortef, methylprednisolone AKA Medrol, prednisone, Aristoncort, Kenalong |
| Kenalog | corticosteriod SAID |
| Decadron | (dexmethasone) corticosteriod SAID |
| Cortef | (hydrocirtisone) corticosteriod SAID |
| Medrol | )methylprednsiolone) corticosteriod SAID |
| Adverse side effects of prolonged use of SAIDs include: | HTN, hypokalemia, hypernatremia, hyperglcemia, WT gain, heart disease, psychosis |
| DM is charactereized by: | 1. The pancreas produces an insufficient amount of insulin. 2. The cells of the body have difficulty utilizing insulin |
| Insulin is necessary for the body to metabolize: | gluclose |
| IDDM | insulin dependant diabities mellitus AKA DM I or juvenile onset DM |
| IDDM requires: | daily subQ inj insulin |
| Insulins include: | regular, Humulin, NPH, Lantus, Novolin, Novolog |
| Novolog | insulin |
| Lantus | insulin |
| NPH | insulin |
| Humulin | insulin |
| regular. | insulin |
| The Novolog Flexpen is: | a prefilled, dial-a-dose disposable inki device |
| Insulin kept at a temperature between 36.0 F and 86.0 F can remain stable and potent for : | 28 days |
| Insulin intended for future use should be refrigerated between: | 36-40 degrees |
| NIDDM | non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus AKA type II DM or adult maturtiy onset |
| NIDDM is treated with: | oral antidiabetic drugs |
| Oral antidiabetic drugs stimulate the pancreas to : | produce more insulin and assist cells in utilizing glucose |
| Oral antidiabetic medications include: 1. Diabinese. | Diabinese, Glucotrol, DiaBeta, Actos, Orinase, Januvin, Glucobance, Gluciphage, Onglyza |
| Diabinese | oral antidiabetic medication |
| DiaBeta | (glyburide) oral antidiabetic medication |
| Micronase | (glyburide) oral antidiabetic medication |
| Actos | oral antidiabetic medication |
| Orinase | oral antidiabetic medication |
| Januvia | oral antidiabetic medication |
| Gluclovance | oral antidiabetic medication |
| Glucophage | oral antidiabetic medication |
| Onglyza | oral antidiabetic medication |
| Ophthalmic antibiotics: | Garamycin, Vigamox, Ilotycin AKA erythromucin |
| Glaucoma is caused by: | an increase in IOP |
| Untreated glaucoma can lead to: | permanent blindess |
| Ophthalmic medications used to treat glaucoma include: | Lumigan, Xalaton, Cosopt |
| Med to cause pupillary dilation: | atropine |
| Mydriasis | pupillary dilation |
| Fluoracaine | ophthalmic dye and anesthetic |
| decongestants | Medications that decrease the swelling of mucous membranes, alleviate nasal stuffiness and sinus congestion, allow secretions to drain, and help open the eustachian tubes |
| Decongestants include: | Sudafed or Drixoral (pseudoephedrine), Afrin |
| The risk of CVA ) increases by combining pseudoephedrine found in Drixoral or Sudafed with: | Zoloft |
| A side effect of decongestants: | HTN |
| The inflammatory response occurs whenever the body is : | injured such as coming in contact with an allergen |
| Allergens include: | pollen, ragweed, animal dander, mold, dust, etc |
| Signs and symptoms of the inflammatory response include: | edema, erythema, warmth, pruritus |
| The faster the healing process, the less the chance of: | infection |
| The chemical responsible for the inflammatory response is: | histamine |
| Medications used to block the action of histamine are called: | antihistamines |
| Lodrane | (brompheniramine) antihistamine |
| Zyrtec | antihistamine |
| Chlor-Trimeton | (chlorpheniramine) antihistamine |
| Tavist | antihistamine |
| Clarinex | Antihistamine |
| Benadryl | (diphenhydramine) antihistamine |
| Allegra | antihistamine |
| Claritin/Alavert | (loratdine) antihistamine |
| loratidine was designed to be: | nondrowsy |
| Many antihistamines have the common side effect of: | drowsiness |
| Corticosteroids are very effective: | anti-inflammatory medications |
| Common ENT corticosteroids include: | Rhinocort, Nasalide, Flonase, Nasonex, Nasacort, Omnaris |
| Omnaris | ENT corticosteriod |
| Medications used to suppress coughing are called: | antitussive medications |
| antitussive meds include: | codeine, Benylin, Robitussin, Vicks, Delsym |
| Benyline | (dextromethorphan) DM AKA Robitussin, Vicks, or Delsym |
| expectorants: | Medications used to reduce the viscosity of sputum so that patients can more easily expectorate |
| a common expectorant: | guaifenesin AKA Robitussin or Mucinex |
| Candida albicans AKA | monilia |
| Antifungal medications used to treat thrush include: | Mycelex, nystatin AKA Mycostatin or Nilstat |
| Some antifungal medications are applied topically as a solution where the patient will: | swish and swallow |
| Antifungals are also applied as a troche AKA: | lozenge or pastille |
| Topical anesthetics for the oral cavity and/or pharynx include: | 1. benzocaine AKA Cepacol or Anbesol or Chloraseptic or Orabase;Benzocain can cause a life threatening depletion of O2 in the blood of children under the age of two |
| A topical anesthetic and vasoconstrictor used to control epistaxis is: | cocaine |
| A cauterizing agent on an applicator stick used to cauterize superficial blood vessels during an epistaxis (chemical cautery) is called: | silver nitrate |
Created by:
RBarnes86
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