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Anatomy 1
Overview/Directional Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Science of structure | Anatomy |
| Science of Body functions | Physiology |
| Atomic and molecular level | Chemical level |
| Smallest living unit of the body | Cellular level |
| Group of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together on one task | Tissue level |
| epithelium, muscle, connective tissue, and nerve | 4 basic tissue types |
| grouping of 2 or more tissue types into a recognizeable structure with a specific function | Organ level |
| collection of related organs with a common function | Organ system |
| one living individual | Organismic level |
| sum of all chemical processes (breakdown of large molecules into small/providing chemical energy for cells | Metabolism |
| detect and respond to changes in internal or external environment/musicle contraction, electrical signals, hormone or glandular secretion | Responsiveness |
| the body, an organ, a cell or cell component | Movement at any structural level |
| increase in number of size of cells or teh material found between cells | growth |
| specialization of cells for a specific function | differentiation |
| formation of new cells or new individuals | reproduction |
| postmortem examination of body dissection/confirm or determine cause of death/support findings of other tests/provide information on effects of drug usage/educate healthcare students/reveal congenital defects | Autopsy |
| maintaining the internal evnironment within physiological limits/example: blood glucose level is kept within narrow range 70-110/100ml | definition of Homeostatis |
| Nervous system and endocrine system maintain ____ in the body | Homeostatis |
| Standing upright/facing the observer, head level/eyes facing forward/feet flat on the floor/arms at the sides/palms turned forward | Anatomical position |
| Divides teh body or an organ into left and right sides | Sagittal plane |
| Produces equal halves | Midsagittal plane |
| produces unequal halves | Parasagittal plane |
| Divides the body or an organ into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions | Frontal/Coronal plane |
| Divides the body or an organ into upper (superior ) or lower (inferior) portions | Transverse (cross-sectional) or horizontal plane |
| some combination of 2 other planes | oblique plane |
| Towards the head (direction) | Superior |
| away from the head (direction) | inferior |
| At the back of the body | Dorsal/Posterior |
| At the front of the body | Ventral or Anterior |
| Nearer to the midline of the body | Medial |
| Farther from the midline of the body | Lateral |
| Nearer to the attachment of the limb to the trunk | Proximal |
| Farther fromt eh attachment of the limb to the trunk | Distal |
| Has the cranial cavity and vertebral canal | Dorsal Body Cavity |
| Holds the brain/formed by the skull | Cranial cavity |
| Contains the spinal cord/formed by vertebral column | Vertebral canal |
| Has the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity | Ventral Body Cavity |
| inferior portion of ventral body cavity below diaphragm/Encircled by abdominal wall, bones and muscles of pelvis | Abdominal pelvic cavity |
| Encircled by ribs, sternum, vertebral column and muscle/Divided into 2 pleural cavities by mediastinum/Mediastinum contains all ______ organs except lungs | Thoracic Cavity |
| Allows visualization of structures without surgery | Medical Imaging |
| A single burst of xrays/Produces 2-D image on film/poor resolution of soft tissues/major use is osteology | Conventional Radiography |
| moving xray beam/image produced on a video monitor of cross section through body/Multiple scans used to build 3D views | Computed tomography (CT scan) |
| Radiopaque material injected into blood vessels/Before and after images compared with a computer program | Digital subtraction angiography |
| High frequency sound waves emitted by hand-held device/Safe, noninvasive and painless/image or sonogram is displayed on video monitor | Ultrasound (US) |
| Body exposed to high energy magnetic field/protons align themselves relative to magnetic field/pulse of radiowaves used to generate an image on video monitor/can not use on patient with metal in their body | Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |
| Substance that emits postively charged particles is injected into body/collision with negatively charged electrons in tissues releases gamma rays | Positron Emission Tomography (PET) |
| Head/Neck/thorax/Abdominopelvic/upper limg/lower limb | Regions of the body (anterior) |
| Frontal/Temporal/Orbital/Nasal/Buccal/Oral/Mandibular | Parts of the Head |
| Anterior Cervical/Lateral Cervical/Supraclavicular | Parts of the Neck |
| Pectoral | Part of the Chest |
| Abdominal/Inguinal/Pelvic/Pubic/Genital/Pudenal/Perineal | Parts of the Amdominopelvic area |
| Deltoid/Axillary/Brachial/Antecubital/Antebrachial/Hand: Palmar/Hand: Digital | Parts of the Upper Limb |
| Coxal/Femoral/Patellar/Crural/Fibular/Tarsal/Foot: Dorsum/Foot: Digital | Parts of the Lower Limb |
| Head/Neck/Back/Upper Limb/Lower Limb | Regions of teh Body (posterior) |
| Parietal/Occipital | Parts of the Head |
| Post cervial/Nuchal | Part of the Neck |
| Right Hypochondriac Region | Upper Right Region |
| Epigastric Region | Upper middle region |
| left hypochondriac region | upper left region |
| right lumbar region | middle right region |
| umbilical region | middle region |
| left lumbar region | middle left region |
| right iliac (inguinal) region | lower right region |
| Hypogastric (pubic) region | lower middle region |
| left iliac (inguinal) region | lower left region |
Created by:
calebmo
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