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Endocrine with abbreves and pharmacy abbreves
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anti- | against |
| ad- | toward, in the direction of |
| exo- | outside, outward |
| epi- | above, upon |
| eu- | well, easily, good, normal |
| pan- | all, entire, very |
| hyper- | excessive, above normal |
| poly- | many, much |
| para- | near, beyond |
| hypo- | under, below, deficient |
| -crine | secrete |
| -emia | blood condition |
| -phagia | swallowing, eating |
| -oma | tumour |
| -trophy | development, nourishment |
| -toxic | poison |
| -gen, -genesis | forming, producing, origin |
| -dipsia | thirst |
| -ism | condition |
| -physis | growth |
| -tropic | stimulating, influencing |
| -uria | urine |
| -megaly | enlargement |
| -pathy | disease |
| -stasis | standing still |
| plas/o, -plasia, -plasm | formation, growth |
| -tomy | incision |
| -ectomy | excision, removal |
| aden/o | gland |
| acr/o | extremity |
| andr/o | male, relationship to the male |
| calc/o | calcium |
| gonad/o | gonads, sex glands |
| gluc/o, glyc/o, glycos/o | sugar, sweetness |
| ket/o | ketone bodies (acids, acetones) |
| kal/i | potassium |
| lact/o | milk |
| medull/o | inner section |
| pineal/o | pineal gland |
| parathyroid/o | parathyroid glands |
| somat/o | body |
| thyr/o, thyroid/o | thyroid gland |
| adren/o, adrenal/o | adrenal glands |
| cortic/o | outer region |
| gynec/o | female |
| home/o | same, alike |
| hypophys/o | pituitary body |
| lute/o | yellow |
| melan/o | black, dark |
| pituit/o | pituitary |
| pancreat/o | thymus gland |
| ren/o, nephr/o | kidney |
| thym/o | thymus gland |
| tox/o, toxic/o | poison |
| radi/o | radiation, xray, radius |
| oophor/o, ovari/o | ovary |
| orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o | testis, testes |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
| BMR | basal metabolic rate |
| DI | diabetes insipidus |
| DKA | diabetic ketoacidosis |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| FSH | follicle stimulating hormone |
| GH | growth hormone |
| IDDM | insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus |
| K | potassium |
| LH | luteinizing hormone |
| MSH | melanocyte stimulating hormone |
| NIDDM | non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus |
| NPH | neutral protamine hagedorn (insulin) |
| PRL | prolactin |
| PGH | pituitary growth hormone(parathormone) |
| RAI | radioactive iodine |
| RAIU | radioactive iodine uptake (test on thyroid) |
| T3 | triiodothyronine |
| T4 | thyroxine |
| TFT | thyroid function test |
| TSH | thyroid stimulating hormone |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test |
| HCG | human chorionic gonadotropin |
| HDL | high density lipoproteins |
| ICF | intracellular fluid |
| ICSH | interstitial cell stimulating hormone |
| ITT | insulin tolerance test |
| LDL | low density lipoproteins |
| LTH | lactogenic hormone (prolactin) |
| MSH | melanocyte stimulating hormone (melanin) |
| PGH | pituitary growth hormone |
| PTH | parathyroid hormone |
| HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
| BMI | body mass index |
| ABG's | arterial blood gas(es) |
| AFB | acid-fast bacillus (tB organism) |
| APTT | activated partial thromboplastin time |
| BE | barium enema, below elbow |
| BUN | blood, urea, nitrogen |
| C&S | culture & sensitivity |
| C&T | cross-match & type |
| CBC | complete blood count |
| CK | creatine kinase (cardiac enzyme), conducted keratoplasty |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| CRP | C-reative protein |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| CT | computed tomography |
| CXR | chest xray; chest radiograph |
| ECG | electrocardiogram |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| EMG | electromyography |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| Hb | hemoglobin |
| HbA1C | hemoglobin blood sugar over time (special test for diabetics) |
| HDL | high density lipoproteins |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| INR | international normalized ratio |
| IVP | intravenous pyelo/gram /graphy |
| K | potassium |
| KUB | kidney ureter bladder |
| LDH | lactic dehydrogenase |
| LDL | low density lipoproteins |
| LP | lumbar puncture |
| LS | lumbosacral spine |
| MCH | mean cell hemoglobin |
| MCHC | mean cell hemoglobin concentration |
| MCV | mean cell volume |
| Mg | milligram |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| MRA | magnetic resonance angio/gram /graphy |
| Na | sodium |
| O&P | ova and parasites |
| OB | obstetrics |
| P | phosphorous |
| Pap | Papanicoloau's Test |
| PCO2 | partial pressure of carbon dioxide |
| PFT | pulmonary function test |
| PSA | prostate specific antigen |
| PT | prothombin time |
| PTT | partial thromboplastin time |
| RBC | red blood cell |
| S&A | sugar and acetone |
| Bx | biopsy |
| SBF | small bowel follow-through |
| SGOT | serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase |
| T&S | type & screen |
| UGI | upper gastrointestinal series |
| US | ultrasound |
| VDRL | venereal disease research laboratory |
| VMA | vanilylimandelic acid (24 hour urine test) |
| WBC | white blood cell |
| UA | urinanalysis |
| Sx | symptom |
| U/L, U&L | upper & lower |
| I&D | incision & drainage |
| DSA | digital subtraction angiography |
| MG | myasthenia gravis |
| aa | of each; affected area |
| ac | before meals |
| AD | right ear |
| Ad. lib. | as desired/needed by client |
| AS | left ear |
| ASAP | as soon as possible |
| AU | both ears |
| bid | twice per day |
| cap | capsule |
| dr. | doctor? dram? |
| elix | elixir |
| gr | gram? |
| Gtt, gtts | drop, drops |
| h.s. | at bedtime |
| h/hr | hour |
| hs | half strength |
| IM | intramuscular |
| IV | intravenous |
| kg | kilogram |
| L | litre |
| lb | pound |
| Liq | liquid |
| NPO | nothing by mouth |
| OD | right eye |
| OTC | over the counter |
| OU | both eyes |
| oz | ounce |
| pc | after meals |
| po | by mouth; orally |
| prn/PRN | as needed |
| q.2.h. | every 2 hours |
| q.d. | every day |
| q.i.d. | four times per day |
| q_h | every_hours |
| qhs | every bedtime |
| qid | four times per day |
| qs | quantum sufficia; quantity required |
| Rx | prescription |
| s | without |
| s/c; sc | sub-cutaneous |
| SL | sublingual |
| sol | solution |
| ss | one half |
| stat/STAT | immediately |
| t.i.d. | three times per day |
| tab | tablet |
| tbsp | tablespoon |
| tid | three times per day |
| tr | trace |
| tsp | teaspoon |
| Tx | treatment |
| ung | ointment |
| somat/o | body |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| -physis | growth |
| per- | through |
| -tropin | stimulating |
| intra- | within |
| peri- | around |
| dia- | through, across |
| anthrac/o | black |
| -trophy | development, nourishment |
| cyt/o | cell |
| hist/o | tissue |
| kary/o | nucleus |
| anter/o | anterior |
| caud/o | tail, toward the tail, caudad |
| crani/o | cranium, cranial |
| dist/o | far, farthest, distal |
| dors/o | back (of body), dorsal |
| infer/o | lower, below, inferior |
| later/o | side, to one side, lateral |
| medi/o | middle, medial |
| poster/o | back (of body), behind, posterior |
| proxim/o | near, nearest, proximal |
| ventr/o | belly, belly side, ventral |
| abdomin/o | abdominal |
| cervic/o | neck; cervix uteri(neck of cervix); cervical |
| gastr/o | stomach; gastric |
| ili/o | ilium; lateral, flaring portion of hip bone; ilial |
| inguin/o | groin; inguinal |
| lumb/o | loins (lower back); lumbar |
| pelv/i, pelv/o | pelvis; pelvic |
| spin/o | spine; spinal |
| thorac/o | chest; thoracic |
| umbilic/o | umbilicus, navel; umbilical |
| albin/o, leuk/o | white |
| chlor/o | green |
| chrom/o | colour |
| cirrh/o, jaund/o, xanth/o | yellow |
| cyan/o | blue |
| erythr/o | red |
| melan/o | black |
| poli/o | gray |
| acr/o | extremity |
| eti/o | cause |
| idi/o | unknown, peculiar |
| morph/o | form, shape, structure |
| path/o | disease |
| radi/o | radiation, xray, radius |
| son/o | sound |
| viscer/o | internal organs |
| xer/o | dry |
| -gnosis | knowing |
| -gram, -graph, -graphy | record, instrument to record, process of recording |
| -meter | instrument for measuring |
| -metry | act of measuring |
| hetero- | different |
| homeo-, homo- | same, alike |
| infra- | below, under |
| super- | above, upper |
| ultra- | excess, beyond |
| trans- | across, through |
| peri- | around |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| SPECT | single photon emission computed tomography |
| FS | frozen section |
| AP | anteroposterior |