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Med Neuro Lect5
Med Neuro Lect5 Cerebral Anatomy - Cerebrum
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the central sulcus seperate? | Frontal and Parietal Cortex |
| 3 main gyri of the Parietal cortex? | 1.Angular gyrus (more posterior). 2.Supramarginal gyrus (b/w the Angular & Post-central sulcus). 3.Post-central gyrus (b/w the central and post-central sulci). |
| What 2 notches are important in distinguishing the occipital cortex from the parietal cortex? | 1.Parietoccipital Notch. 2.Occipitotemporal Notch. **this is an arbitrary seperation |
| What fissure seperates the Temproal cortex from the parietal (partial) and frontal? | Lateral Fissure |
| What are the 4 main Gyri making up the Convexity of the frontal cortex? | 1.Superior Frontal (b/w sagital fissure & sup. frontal sulcus). 2.Middle Frontal (b/w sup & inf frontal sulci). 3.Inferior frontal (below inf frontal sulcus). 4.Precentral gyrus (b/w central & precentral sulci) |
| 3 lateral aspects of frontal cortex in close association with the Lateral fissure? | 1.Pars Opercularis (b/w precentral sulcus & Pars Triangularis). 2.Pars Triangularis (doesn't touch lateral fissure, b/w pars opercularis & orbitalis). 3.Pars Orbitalis (anterior to pars angularis, sits on orbital bone). |
| Where does language function originate from? | Pars Opercularis in the frontal cortex of the dominant lobe. **Damage could impair motor of speech. |
| 3 gyri in the temporal cortex? | 1.Superior Temporal (just below lateral fissure). 2.Middle Temporal (b/w sup & inf temporal sulci). 3.Inferior Temporal (inferior to inf temporal sulcus). |
| Describe the Pre & Post central gyri in terms of motor and sensory and sections of each. | Pre: Motor. Post: Sensory. SECTIONS: 1.Face (intersection of central sulcus & lateral fissure). 2.Hand (superior/medial to face). 3.Torso (superior/medial to hand). 4.Lower Extremity (Most medial/ against sagital fissure). |
| What causes the development of the well defined gyri? | MYELINATION **Leads to sophistication ;) See what I did there? |
| 2 Gyri making up the Medial & Ventral (not convexity) part of the frontal cortex? what do they control? | 1.Orbital Gyrus (Inferior/ventral and moves laterally until Pars Orbitalis). 2.Gyrus Rectus (medial to olfactory bulb). **Control emotions. |
| What do the gyri making up the convexity of the frontal cortex control? | 1.Cognition, 2.Attention, 3.Memory, 4.Language. |
| What exactly determines a Gyrus? | It refers to a large myelinated bundle which is seperated by sulci. **Surface markings vary from person to person |
| How many Longitudinal gyri and sulci are there in the frontal cortex? | 3 Gyri and 2 Sulci. **there are 2 coronal gyri with 3 coronal sulci in the frontal/parietal cortex. |
| If you are looking at an Inferior view of the frontal cortex, what 2 gyri are you seeing? | 1.Ortibal. 2.Gyrus Rectus (Straight Gyrus). |
| What is the Uncus? What CN does in come in close contact with? How is it used diagnostically? | A protrusion of the parahippocampus that comes into contact w/ CNIII. If there is swelling in the brain and it impinges on CNIII, the pupil will dilated, down, and out. |
| What type of Hemorrhages should be considered if the pupil is dilated, down, and out? | SUBDURAL and EPIDURAL b/c they will cause swelling that will push that hemisphere towards other side, cuasing that uncus to press down on CNIII. |
| What are the 2 small bumps just behind the optic chiasm? | Mamillary bodies |
| What are the only 2 Cranial Nerves located above the Tentorium Cerebelli? | 1.CN I: Olfactory. 2.CN II: Optic. |
| List the 10 "True" Cranial Nerves (those originating below the tentorium cerebelli) | 1.CN III: Oculomotor. 2.CN IV: Trochlear. 3.CN V: Trigeminal (largest). 4.CN VI: Abducens. 5.CN VII: Facial. 6.CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear. 7.CN IX: Glossopharyngeal. 8.CN X: Vagus. 9.CN XI: Accessory (up from foramen magnum). 10. CN XII: Hypoglo |
| What 3 CNs have Origins on the Midline? | 1.CN III. 2.CN VI. 3.CN XII. |
| What is the Posterior aspect of the Corpus Callosum? | Splenium. |
| What 2 arteries does CN III run between? | 1.Posterior Cerebral A. 2.Superior Cerebellar A. **Also in close contact with UNCUS |
| Name the 4 Gyri on the inferior aspect of the cerebrum Superior to the cerebellum from Superior/anterior to Inferior/posterior? | 1.Cingulate. 2.Parahippocampal. 3.Medial. 4.Lateral Occipitotemporal. |
| Name the Main structures from superior to Inferior that are located below the Limbic lobe (Cingulate gyrus in specific)? | 1.Corpus Callosum. 2.Stria Medullaris of Thalamus. 3.Thalamus (w/in 3rd ventricle, connected by Interthalamic adhesion). 4.Hypothalamic Sulcus. 5.Hypothalamus (b/w CN II & mamillary bodies). 6.Infundibulum. 7.Pituitary gland. |
| What is the significance of the Hypothalamic Sulcus? | It seperates the thalamus from the hypothalamus. **Hypothalamus is triangular shaped. |
| What 3 structures combine to make the Limbic lobe? What is it's function? | 1.Parahippocampal gyrus. 2.Isthmus. 3.Cingulate gyrus. **Controls personality and emotional changes. |
| What is the oldest (developmentally) part of the cerebrum? | LIMBIC LOBE. |
Created by:
WeeG
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