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green mod- word list
Green Mod - GI tract word list & pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| absorption | the passage of simple nutrients into the bloodstream |
| achlorhydric | absense of hydrochloric acide in the stomach |
| aerophagia | swallowing air |
| anal sphincter | the constricting muscle at the anus which relaxes to allow passage of stool |
| anastomosis | the natural or surgical joining of two hollow structures |
| anorectal | pertaining to both the anus and the rectum |
| anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by poor body image and refusal to eat |
| anus | the outlet of the rectum |
| acscending colon | first portion of the colon, extending from the cecum to the lower border of the liver |
| ascites | accumlulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity |
| barium enema | radiographic examination of the lower digestive system, using liquid contrast to visualize |
| buccal | pertaining to the cheek |
| bulimia | an eating disorder characterized by binge eating, purging and vigorous exercise |
| borborgmus | gurgling sound heard as gas passes through the liquid in the intestines |
| cecum | first 2-3" of the large intestine |
| celiac | Pertaining to the abdomen |
| cheiloplasty | surgical repair of the lip |
| cholangioma | tumour of the bile duct or vessel |
| cholecystogram | radiographic record of the gallbladder |
| cholelith | a gallstone |
| choledocholithotomy | removal of ta gallstone through an incision of the bile duct |
| cirrhosis | chronic disease of the liver |
| colon | also called the large intestine; it is divided into four portions and is responsible for absorption and elimination |
| colostomy | surgical formation of an opeing from the colon through the abdominal wall to the outside |
| deglutition | the act of swallowing |
| descending colon | third continuation of the colon which joins and forms the sigmoid colon |
| diarrhea | the passage of unformed watery bowel movements |
| digestion | the process by which food is broken down, mechanically and chemically in the digesstive tract and converted into an absorbable form that can be used by the body |
| diverticulitis | inflammation of a sac-like bulge that may develop in the wall of the large intestine |
| duodenum | uppermost division of the small intestine; receives secretions to aid in digestion |
| dysphagia | painful or difficulty swallowing |
| elimination | to remove, get ride of , exclude; also to pass urine from the bladder or stool from the bowel |
| endoscopy | tube via the mouth or anus |
| enema | the introduction of liquid into the rectum for cleansing the bowl and for stimulationg evacuation of bowels |
| enterostomy | surgical formation of an opening from the small intestine through the abdominal wall |
| epiglottis | a flap of tissue covering the trachea, which prevents food and liquids from entering the airway |
| ERCP | radiographs the pancreas and bile vessels after I.V. injectionof a radiopaque contrast medium |
| eructation | the raising of gas or acid from the stomach, resulting in belching |
| esophagojejunostomy | anastomosis of the esophagus and jejunum |
| esophagus | a muscluar canal which extends from the pharynx to the stomach |
| fecalith | a fecal concentration (stone of fecal material) |
| gallbladder | an organ below the liver which stores and empties bile through its ducts into the small intestine |
| gastritis | inflammation of the stomach |
| gastrointestinal endoscopy | visual examination of the digestive tract using a fibre optic |
| gastrointestinal system | provides the body with nutrients, electrolytes, and system water by ingestion, digestion, elimination, and absorption |
| halitiosis | bad breath |
| hepatomegaly | enlargement of the liver |
| ingest | to eat |
| ileostomy | surgical formation of an opening from the ileum through the abdominal wall |
| ileum | lower division of the small intestine |
| jejunorrhaphy | surgical repair of the jejunum |
| jejunum | second division of the small intestine |
| laryngopharynx | the lower portion of the pharynx which divides into the trachea and esophagus |
| leukoplakia | white patches on the mucous membranes of the tongue or cheek |
| lingual | pertaining to the tongue |
| liver | the largest glandualr organ which functions include: producing bile, removing glucose from the blood, and storing vitamins |
| liver scan | radiographic visualization of the liver after injectionof a radiographic substance |
| mastication | chewing |
| melena | black tarry feces due to blood in the intestinal tract |
| nasopharynx | the portion of the throat above the soft palate and behind the nose |
| obstipation | extreme constipation |
| occult blood | a test in which stool samples are collected to determine gastrointestinal bleeding |
| oropharynx | the central part of the throat between the soft palate and epiglottis |
| pancreas | an organ which uses ducts to provide exocrine secretions to the duodenum to aid in digestion |
| peristalsis | progressive wave-like motion which causes the contents of the digestive tract to be forced onward |
| pharynx | passageway for air from the nose to the larynx and for food from the mouth to the esophagus |
| proctoplasty | surgical repair or reconstruction of the rectum or colon |
| proctologist | one who specializes in diseases of the colon, rectum, and anus |
| rectum | last portion of the digestive tract which terminates at the anus |
| regurgitation | the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach |
| serum bilirubin | a blood test to determine hapatic disorders |
| sialolithiasis | presence of a stone in the salivary gland |
| sigmoiod colon | a flexure of the colon which joins the descending colon and the rectum |
| small intestine | a continuation of the digestive tract responsible for absorption. Consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum |
| stomach | a sac-like structure in the abdominal cavity, responsible for digestion of food. |
| stoma | an artificial opening, in this case, one from the bowel through the abdominal wall |
| stomatitis | inflammation of the mouth of the stomach |
| trachea | cartilaginious tube which extends from the larynx to the bronchial tubes |
| transverse colon | second portion of the colon that passes horizontally across the abdomen toward the spleen |
| ulcer | a lesion of the skin or mucous membrane which frequently develops in the duodenum or stomach |
| ulcerative colitis | inflammation and ulceration of the innermost lining of the colon (large intestine) |
| antacids | neutralize stomach acid |
| antidiarrheals | control loose stools; relieve diarrhea |
| antiemetics | control nausea and vomitting |
| antispasmodics | decrease digestive spasms |
| laxatives | treat constipation |
| ulcer | circumscribed open sore, on the skin or mucus membranes within body. |
| PUD (peptic ulcer disease) | develops in parts of the GI tract that are exposed to hydrochloric acid and pepsin. |
| hernia | a protrusion of any organ, tissue, or structure through the wall of the cavity in whichit is naturally contained. |
| inguinal hernia | develops in the groin where the abdominal folds of flesh meet the thighs. |
| umbilical hernia | a protrusion of part of the intestine at the navel |
| diaphragmatic hernia; hiatal hernia | the lower part of the esophagus and the top of the stomach slides through an opening in the diaphragm into the thorax. |
| intestinal obstruction | partial or complete blockage in the small or large intestine that prevents forward flow of digestive products. |
| mechanical blockage | contents of the intestinge are prevent3ed from moveing forward due to an obstacle or barrier that blocks the lumen. |
| paralytic ileus | peristaltic movement is lacking or absent in the intestines and contests are no longer propelled through the intestine. |
| hemorrhoids | enlareged veins in the mucous membrane of the anal canal. Bleeding, pain and itchiness may occur. |
| hepatitis | inflammatory condition of the liver |
| colorectal cancer | arises fromm the epithelial lining of the large intestine |
| cirrhosis | scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease |
Created by:
MedixMOA
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