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A & P chapter 1
CCHS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | studys the structures or form |
| divisions of the study of anatomy | cytology, histology, gross anatomy, developmental, and systematic |
| cytology | examining the cells |
| histology | study of the tissues |
| gross anatomy | large objects that can be seen w/o a microscope |
| developmental | how orangisms change from conception to adult |
| systemic | study of systems |
| Three types of anatomy | regional, surface, and anatomical |
| regional anatomy | studying all aspects and systems in one region of the body |
| surface anatomy | studying external features and how they relate to internal structures |
| anatomical imaging | mri, ultrasound, and ct scan... |
| physiology | study of the functions of living organisms |
| levels of organization of the body | chemical, organelle, cellular, tissues, organs, systems, and organism |
| chemical | atoms combine to produce molecules(enzymes) |
| organelle | molecules combine to produce specialized structures in cells(endoplasmic reticulum) |
| cellular | the baasic unit of living organisms cary out vital tasks within an organism |
| tissues | groups of differnt cells |
| organs | groups of different tissues which perform a function |
| systems | groups of organs with common functions |
| organism | the whole thing |
| characteristics of life | organization, metabolism, responsiveness, growth and development, reproduction, and waste disposal |
| metabolism | the sum of all chemical reactions (anabolism and catabolism) |
| responsiveness | homeostasis |
| growth and development | morphogenesis (growing and developing together |
| homeostasis | a steady state or balance within an acceptable rance in the internal environment in the body |
| control systems | nervous and endocrine |
| negative feedback componenets | receptor, integrator, and effector |
| receptor | sensor that senses the conditions in the body |
| integrator | the controller that compares values recieved from the sensor with the normals |
| effector | the part of the body that causes the response to bring value back to set point |
| variable | causes a change in the internal environment of the body |
| response | the reaction that comes from what the effector did |
| positive feedback | not a part of homeostasis. it increases the effet of the stimulus which accelerats the processes that are already in motion. Usuallly only used when a rapid change is desired. |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| proximal | clost to the joint |
| distal | farther from the joint |
| medial | closer to the middle |
| lateral | in the middle of or farther from the median |
| anterior | front |
| posterior | back |
| ventral | belly side |
| dorsal | backside |
| transverse | top and bottom |
| saggital | left and right sides |
| midsagittal | left and right equal sides |
| para sagittal | left and right unequal sides |
| fontal/coronal | front and back side |
| body cavities | abdominopelvic and thoracic |
| mediastinum | divides thoracic cavity into right and left sides |
| serous membranes | cover the organs and lines the cavities |
| visceral | covers the organs |
| parietal | lines the cavities |
| pleural | lungs |
| pericardial | heart |
| peritoneal | abdominal cavity |
| mensenteries/retroperitoneal organs | some abdoominal organs are not contained within the serous membranes and are attached to the body wall. |
Created by:
masantha4
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