Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
HA Ch. 10
The Muscular System II: Major Muscles of the Axial Skeleton
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| muscles of the scalp | epicranius |
| epicranius is made up of the | galea aponeurotica, frontalis, occipitalis |
| galea aponeurotica is a | bipartite muscle consisting of 2 muscles connected by a cranial aponeurosis |
| the alternate actions of the two galea aponeurotica muscles pull the | scalp forward and backward |
| frontalis muscle (frontal belly) covers the | forehead and dome of skull |
| frontalis muscle has no | bony attachments |
| origin of the frontalis | galea aponeurotica |
| insertion of frontalis | skin of eyebrows/root of nose |
| action of frontalis | pulls scalp forward and raises eyebrows |
| occipitalis (occipital belly) overlies the | posterior occiput |
| origin of occipitalis | occipital/temporal bones |
| insertion of occipitalis | galea aponeurotica |
| action of occipitalis | pulls scalp posteriorly |
| orbicularis oculi | thin, flat sphincter muscles of the eyelid and surrounds orbits |
| origin of orbicularis oculi | frontal/maxilla bones of medial orbits |
| insertion of orbicularis oculi | skin of eyelids |
| action of orbicularis oculi | closes eyelids and protects eyes from intense light and injury (blinking/squinting/draws eyebrows inferiorly) |
| zygomaticus: muscle pair extending | diagonally from cheekbone to corner of mouth |
| origin of zygomaticus | zygomatic bone |
| insertion of zygomaticus | skin at corners of mouth |
| action of zygomaticus | raises lateral corners of mouth upward (smiling muscle) |
| risorius: slender muscle that is | inferior and lateral to zygomaticus |
| origin of risorius | fascia of masseter muscle |
| insertion of risorius | skin at angle of mouth |
| action of risorius | draws corners of lip laterally (tense lips) |
| risorius is a ...to the... | synergist...zygomaticus muscle |
| orbicularis oris: complicated, multi... | layered muscle of the lips with fibers that run in different directions, mostly circularly |
| origin of orb. oris | fascia of facial muscles surrounding the mouth |
| insertion of orb. oris | skin of lips |
| action of orb. oris | close mouth, purses and protrudes lips, kissing/whistling |
| mentalis: one of the muscle pair forming a | v-shaped muscle mass on chin |
| mentalis originates | anterior mandible |
| mentalis insertion | below the lower lip |
| mentalis action | protudes lower lip/wrinkles chin |
| buccinator: thin | horizontal cheek muscle, deep to the masseter |
| origin of buccinator | maxilla and mandible near molars |
| insertion of buccinator | orbicularis oris |
| action of buccinator | compresses cheek and draws corner of mouth laterally (holds food between teeth during chewing) |
| buccinator is well developed in | nursing babies |
| masseter: powerful muscle that covers the | lateral aspect of the mandibular ramus |
| origin of masseter | zygomatic arch and zygomatic bone |
| insertion of the masseter | angle and ramus of mandible |
| action of masseter | closes mouth and elevates mandible |
| temporalis: fan-shaped muscle that covers the | temporal, frontal, and parietal bones |
| origin of temporalis | temporal fossa |
| insertion of temporalis | coronoid process and ramus of mandible |
| action of temporalis | closes mouth, retracts mandible, maintains position of mandible at rest |
| muscles of the anterior neckand throat are for | swallowing and speaking |
| the muscles of the neck are divided into the | anterior and posterior triangles by the sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| the anterior triangle is divided into the | suprahyoid muscle and the infrahyoid muscle |
| suprahyoid muscles are muscles that help form the...anchor the...elevate the...and move the...during swallowing; lies superior to the hyoid bone | floor of the oral cavity...tongue...hyoid...larynx |
| digastric: consists of | 2 bellies united by an intermediate tendon forming a v shape under the chin |
| origin of digastric | lower margin of mandible and mastoid process of temporal bone |
| insertion of digastric | hyoid bone |
| action of digastric | open mouth and depress mandible |
| infrahyoid muscles are ...muscles that... | straplike...depress the hyoid and larynx during swallowing and speaking |
| digastric: consists of | 2 bellies united by an intermediate tendon forming a v shape under the chin |
| sternohyoid is the most | medial muscle of the neck |
| sternohyoid is a | thin, superficial muscle except inferiorly, where it is covered by the sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| sternohyoid originates | on the manubrium and medial clavicle |
| insertion of sternohyoid | hyoid |
| action of sternohyoid | depress larynx and hyoid bone |
| origin of sternothyroid | posterior surface of manubrium |
| insertion of sternothyroid | thyroid cartilage of larynx |
| omohyoid: ...muscle with | straplike...2 bellies united by an intermediate tendon; lateral to sternohyoid |
| sternothyroid | lateral and deep to sternohyoid |
| origin of omohyoid | superior surface of scapula |
| action of sternothyroid | depresses thyroid cartilage; pulls larynx and hyoid bone inferiorly |
| muscles of the neck and vertebral column perform | head movements and trunk extension |
| insertion of omohyoid | hyoid bone |
| sternocleidomastoid: two.. | headed muscle located deep to platysma; key muscular landmark in the neck |
| action of omohyoid | depresses and retracts hyoid bone |
| origin of sternocleidomastoid | manubrium of sternum and clavicle |
| muscles of the neck and vertebral column perform | head movements and trunk extension |
| action of sternocleidmastoid | flexes and laterally rotates the head |
| insertion of scalenes | ribs 1 and 2 |
| scalenes: located more | laterally than anteriorly on the neck; deep to the platysma and sternocleidomastoid |
| origin of scalenes | transverse process of cervical vertebrae |
| action of scalenes | flexes and rotates neck, elevates ribs 1+2 |
| erector spinae (intrinsic): ...mover of... | prime...back extension |
| erector spinae consists of | 3 muscles whose subset muscles are named according to their location on the vertebral column |
| 3 muscles of erector spinae | iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis |
| origin of iliocostalis | iliac crest, ribs (last 6-thoracis) and ribs 3-6 cervicis |
| insertion of iliocostalis | angles of ribs, transverse process of c6-4 |
| action of iliocostalis | extend and laterally flex the vertebral column, maintain erect posture |
| iliocostalis group is the most | lateral muscle group of erector spinae, extending from pelvis to neck |
| longissimus group is the | intermediate tripartite muscle group which extends from lumbar to skull |
| origin of longissimus | transverse process of lumbar through cervical vertebrae |
| insertion of longissimus | transverse process of thoracic or cervical vertebrae and to ribs superior to origin as indicated by name |
| action of longissimus | extend and laterally flex vertebral column (lateral flexion) and extends head and turns face toward same side |
| spinalis group is the most | medial group; poorly defined |
| origin of spinalis | spines of ubber lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae |
| insertion of spinalis | spines of upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae |
| action of spinalis | extend vertebral column |
| deep muscles of the thorax are for | breathing |
| the thoracic muscles are very | short |
| the thoracic muscles mostly run | from one rib to the next |
| the thoracic muscles form | three layers in the wall of the thorax |
| external intercostals are | 11 pairs that lie between ribs, fibers run obliquely from each rib to rib below |
| origin of external intercostals | inferior border of rib above |
| insertion of external intercostals | superior border of rib below |
| action of external intercostals | pull ribs twoard one another to ELEVATE rib cage |
| external intercostals are the ... of the... | synergists of the diaphragm |
| internal intercostals are the | 11 pairs that lie between ribs, fibers run deep to and at right angles to those of external intercostals (downward and posteriorly) |
| origin of internal intercostals | superior border of rib below |
| insertion of internal intercostals | inferior border of rib above |
| action of internal intercostals | draws ribs together and depresses the rib cage |
| muscles of the abdominal wall controls | trunk movements and compression of abdominal viscera |
| rectus abdominis is the ...muscle pair of the... wall | medial...anterior...whose fibers extend vertically from pubis to rib cage |
| the rectus abdominis is ensheathed by | aponeuroses of the lateral muscles of abdominal wall |
| rectus abdominis is segmented by | 3 tendinous inscriptions |
| rectus abdominis extends | medially to insert on the linea alba which is a tendinous raphe/seam that extends from sternum to pubic symphysis |
| rectus abdominis extends | medially to insert on the linea alba which is a tendinous raphe/seam that extends from sternum to pubic symphysis |
| insertion of sternocleidomastoid | mastoid process of temporal bone and nuchal line of occipital bone |
| origin of rectus abdominis | pubic crest and pubic symphysis |
| insertion of rects abdominis | xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 |
| action of rectus abdominis | flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column; fix and depress ribs, stabilize pelivs during walking, increase intra-abdominal pressure, used in sit ups and curls |
| lateral abdominal walls are comprised of | 3 layers of broad, flat muscle sheets |
| external oblique is the | largest of the 3 layers and the most superficial; fibers run inferiorly and medially |
| the aponeurosis of the external oblique turns under inferiorly, forming the | inguinal ligament |
| origin of external oblique | ribs 5-12 |
| insertion of external oblique | linea alba, iliac crest, pubis |
| action of external oblique | flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall; aid muscles of the back in TRUNK ROTATION and LATERAL FLEXION |
| internal oblique: most fibers run | superiorly and medially |
| origin of internal oblique | lumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament |
| insertion of internal oblique | linea alba and ribs 10-12 |
| action of internal oblique | same as ext. obl. |
| transversus abdominis is the most | deep muscle layer of abdominal wall, fibers run horizontally |
| origin or transversus abdominis | inguinal ligament, iliac crest, lumbar fascia, cartilages of ribs 7-12 |
| insertion of transversus abdominis | linea alba, crest of pubis |
| action of transversus abdominis | compress abdominal contents and laterally rotates trunk |
Created by:
handrzej
Popular Anatomy sets