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ch2 drjolley
Chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| proton | positive charge |
| neutron | neutral charge |
| electron | negative charge |
| layers | different energy levels |
| charge is like a magnet | positive and negative |
| atomic number | number of protons |
| atomic weight | average mass of protons plus neutrons |
| element | substances made up of one type of atom |
| molecule | two or more atoms bonded together |
| types of bonds | ionic bonds, covalent bonds |
| ionic bonds | electron moves from one atom to another giving each a charge |
| covalent bonds | sharing of electrons |
| disulfide bonds | covalent bond between 2 sulfur atoms |
| hydrogen bonds | similar to ionic bond attraction of charged particles |
| chemical reactions | change brought about by creating or breaking chemical bonds... |
| 2 main types | synthesis and decompostion |
| synthesis | bonds formed to make a new compound |
| decomposition | bonds are broken to form 2 or more smaller molecules |
| water | 60-70% of the body |
| Solvent | solutes dissociate in water |
| lubricant | reduce friction in GI tract and joints |
| High specific heat | requires alot of energy to raise temerature |
| high heat of vaporization | absorbs body heat to cool the body when sweating |
| compartments | water is given a different name depending location in body |
| intercellular fluid | water within cells |
| extracellular fluid | water outside of cells |
| plasma | water in blood |
| lymph system | water in lymph system |
| interstitial fluid | water found between cells |
| specialized fluids | synovial fluid, csf, aqueous humor, and others |
| Oxygen | o2 molecules in form of a gas |
| important in cellulat respiration | process of breaking down food to get energy |
| carbon dioxide | co2 molecule in form of a gas |
| trace elements | necessary substances needed in very small amounts |
| Acids | a substance that increases the concentration of H+ ions in water |
| base | a substance that decreases the concentration of H+ ions in water |
| body Ph | ICF 6.8 blood 7.35-7.45 |
| buffer system | chemical or pair of chemical that minimize change in PH |
| organic compounds | contain carbon and hydrogen |
| 4 major groups | carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
| carbohydrates | energy source |
| deoxyribose | petose sugar, part of DNA |
| ribose | part of RNA |
| disaccharides | double sugar carbohydrates |
| oligsaccharides | 3-20 sugars |
| polysaccharides | thousands of glucose molecules |
| starches | glucose storage in plants |
| gylcogen | the form of glucose storage in liver |
| cellulose | chain of glucose in plant cell walls |
| lipids | fat |
| 3 types of fats | true fats, phospholpids, steroids |
| true fats | glycerol |
| saturated fat | all carbons bonded to the maximum number of hydrogens |
| unsaturated fats | one or more carbons are double bonded |
| phospholipids | diglycerides with a phosphate group bonding site |
| steriods | estrogen,progesterone, testosterone, cholesterol |
| proteins | made up of amino acids |
| enzymes | protiens |
| nucleic acids | DNA and RNA |
| ATP | adenosine Tri Phosphate |
| Sugar for RNA | ribose |
| bases for RNA | adenine |
| Sugar for DNA | deoxyribose |
| bases for DNA | adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine |
| basic from of energy | atp |
| H | hydrogen |
| C | carbon |
| n | nitrogen |
| O | oxygen |
| F | Fluorine |
| Na | sodium |
| Mg | magnesium |
| p | phosphorus |
| S | sulfur |
| Ci | cholrine |
| k | potassium |
| Ca | calcuim |
| Mn | manganese |
| Fe | iron |
| Co | cobalt |
| Cu | copper |
| Zn | zinc |
| I | iodine |
Created by:
Brandypeters
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