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phm 316 ch 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aden/o | gland |
| adren/o | adrenal gland |
| adrenal/o | adrenal gland |
| andr/o | male |
| crin/o | to secrete |
| dips/o | thirst |
| gluc/o | sugar |
| glucos/o | sugar |
| glyc/o | sugar |
| glycos/o | sugar |
| hormon/o | hormone (urging on) |
| ket/o | ketone bodies |
| keton/o | ketone bodies |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| thym/o | thymus gland |
| thyr/o | thyroid gland |
| thyroid/o | thyroid gland |
| adrenal glands | located next to each kidney, the adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones and the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine aka suprarenal glands |
| suprarenal glands | located next to each kidney, the adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones and the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine aka adrenal glands |
| steroid hormones | regulate carbohydrate metabolism and salt and water balance; some effect on sexual characteristics. glucocorticoids, mineral corticoids, androgens |
| epinephrine and norepinephrine | affect sympathetic nervous system in stress response |
| ovaries | located one on each side of the uterus in the female pelvis, functioning to secrete estrogen and progesterone |
| exophthalmos | protrusion of one or both eyeballs, often because of thyroid dysfunction or a tumor behind the eyeball |
| exophthalmus | protrusion of one or both eyeballs, often because of thyroid dysfunction or a tumor behind the eyeball |
| glucosuria | glucose in the urine |
| glycosuria | glucose in the urine |
| hirsutism | shaggy; an excessive growth of hair especially in unusual places (ex woman with a beard) |
| hypercalcemia | an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood |
| hypocalcemia | an abnormally low level of calcium in the blood |
| hyperglycemia | high blood sugar |
| hypoglycemia | low blood sugar |
| hyperkalemia | an abnormally high level of potassium in the blood |
| hypokalemia | deficient level of potassium in the blood |
| hypernatremia | excessive level of sodium ions in the blood |
| hyponatremia | low level of sodium ions in the blood |
| hypersecretion | abnormally increased secretion |
| hyposecretion | decreased secretion |
| ketosis, ketoacidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) | presence of an abnormal amount of ketone bodies in the blood and urine indicating an abnormal utilization of carbohydrates as seen in uncontrolled diabetes and starvation (acetone, beta-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid) |
| metabolism | all chemical processes in the body that result in growth, generation of energy, elimination of waste, and other body functions |
| polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| polyuria | excessive urination |
| estrogen and progesterone | responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics and the regulation of reproduction |
| pancreas(islets of langerhans) | located behind the stomach in front of the first and second lumbar vertebrae. Secrete insulin and glucagon to regulate carbohydrate/sugar metabolism |
| parathyroid glands | located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland in the neck. secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) to regulate calcium and phosphate metabolism |
| pineal gland | located in the center of the brain. secrete melatonin and serotonin. melatonin affects onset of puberty and exact function is unknown, serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is a precursor to melatonin |
| pituitary gland | located at the base of the brain. |
| anterior pituitary | secretes TSH, ACTH. FSH, LH, MSH, GH, and prolactin |
| posterior pituitary | releases ADH and oxytocin |
| thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) | stimulate secretion from thyroid gland |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH | stimulates secretion from the adrenal cortex |
| follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | initiates growth or ovarian follicle; stimulates secretion of estrogen in females and sperm production in males |
| luteinizing hormone (LH) | causes ovulation; stimulates secretion of progesterone by corpus luteum; causes secretion of testosterone in the testes |
| melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) | affects skin pigmentation |
| growth hormone (GH) | influences growth |
| prolactin (lactogenic hormone) | stimulates breast development and milk production during pregnancy |
| antidiuretic hormone (ADH) | influences the absorption of water by the kidney tubules |
| oxytocin | influences uterine contraction |
| testes | located one on each side within the scrotum in the male. secretes testosterone to affect masculinization and reproduction |
| thymus gland | located in the mediastinal cavity anterior to and above the heart. secretes thymosin to regulate the immune response |
| thyroid gland | located in front of the neck, sectetes triiodothyronine(t3) thyroxine (t4) (t3 and t4 regulate metabolsim) and calcitonin (regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism) |
Created by:
HugsAndKisses
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