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BIOL 1300 Exam 2
BIOL 1300 (Body Systems w/ Lab) Review for Exam #2 Spring 2012
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the name of the shaft of a long bone and the membrane that lines the marrow cavity? | Diaphysis and endosteum |
| Name the hard bone and porous bone found in the shafts and ends of long bones. | compact bone and spongy bone |
| What are the cells that produce bone tissue called? | osteoblasts |
| The skull bone that contains the internal portions of the ear is the | temporal bone |
| Name the bone of the lower jaw | mandible |
| What are the soft spots in the infant skull called? | fontanels |
| What is the scientific name for the collarbone? | clavicle |
| The anatomical name for the thigh bone is the | femur |
| What bones make up the palm of the hand? | metacarpal bones |
| Which disorder is associated with lateral curvature of the spinal column? What is an exaggerated thoracic curve of the spine called? | Scoliosis, kyphosis |
| The broken bone protrudes through the skin in a(n)_____ fracture. | open |
| What are the bands of connective tissue that hold the bones together in a synovial joint called? What are the small fluid filled sacs near some synovial joint called? | Ligaments, bursae |
| An excess of uric acid can result in what painful joint disorder called? | gout |
| A degenerative joint disease that primarily occurs in weight-bearing joints is | osteoarthritis |
| The word part –penia means | lack of |
| Where is red marrow is found? | spongy bone |
| What cells are involved in bone resorption? | osteoclasts |
| Where does bone growth in children occur? | epiphyseal plates |
| What is a depression on the surface of a bone called? | fossa |
| What is an air space within a bone known as? What is a short channel through a bone called? | sinus & meatus |
| What are the visible bands in cardiac and skeletal muscle called? | striations |
| The muscular layer of the intestine is composed of visceral, or ______ muscle. | smooth |
| Binding sites on the actin molecules are covered by what two proteins when the muscle is at rest? | troponin , tropomyosin |
| The larger of the two filaments forming a cross bridge is made of which protein? | myosin |
| Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction ? | acetylcholine |
| What is the compound that causes the myosin head to detach from actin? | ATP |
| Muscles operating anaerobically are said to be in a state of | oxygen debt |
| What energy-storing compound is similar to ATP? | creatine phosphate |
| The increase in muscle size resulting from resistance training is termed | hypertrophy |
| What is a contraction that shortens the muscle but does not increase muscle? | isotonic |
| What term is given to a muscle that produces a given movement? Which muscle opposes a given action? | prime mover, antagonis |
| What term is used to describe the pivot point of a lever system? | fulcrum |
| A term referring to a muscle that decreases the angle at a joint is | flexor |
| Which muscle is dome-shaped and used in breathing? | diaphragm |
| The prime mover in plantar flexion is the | gastrocnemius |
| What action does the triceps brachii perform at the arm at the elbow? | extends |
| What is the cheek muscle used in whistling? | buccinator |
| Name the muscles located between the ribs. | intercostals |
| Aging is associated with a gradual decrease in the number of muscle cells, or | atrophy |
| What is inflammation of a tendon called? | tendinitis |
| What is the medical term for muscle pain? | myalgia |
| The word part sarc/o means | flesh |
| The specialized membranes that permit electric impulses to pass between cardiac muscle cells are called | intercalated disks |
| A bundle of muscle fibers is called a(n) | fascicle |
| What is the membrane surrounding individual muscle fibers? | endomysium |
| A single neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates comprise a(n) | motor unit |
| The two filaments that form cross-bridges are | actin and myosin |
| Which event occurs during muscle relaxation? | Calcium is pumped into the endoplasmic reticulum |
| The compound binds myosin and provides the energy for the power stroke is | ATP |
| What substance is produced during oxygen debt? | lactic acid |
| Name the compound that stores oxygen in muscle cells. | myoglobin |
| What effect does exercise have on blood vessels? | dilation of blood vessels |
| What is the partial contraction observed in resting muscle is called? | muscle tone |
| A muscle that steadies body parts during a movement is called a(n) | synergist |
| Which muscle moves the head? | sternocleidomastoid |
| Where is the levator ani found? | perineum |
| Which muscle is located at the angle of the jaw used for chewing? Which muscle is used in closing the lips? | Masseter, obicularis oris |
| The hamstring muscles perform what action? | flex the leg |
| Inflammation of connective tissues is known as | fibrositis |
| What does Carpal tunnel syndrome affect? | Tendons in the fingers |
| Any word containing the part brachi/o probably refers to the | arm |
| How many phalanges are found in each hand? | 14 |
| What is the olecranon? | the part of the ulna that forms the elbow |
| What is the scientific name for the kneecap? | patella |
| The greater trochanter is a large projection on what bone? | femur |
| What is inflammation of the joints called? | arthritis |
| Freely moveable joints are also called | diarthroses |
| Which joint type has the smallest range of motion? | gliding joint |
| The turning of a bone on its own axis is called | rotation |
| When a dancer points his/her toes, the foot performs what movement? | plantar flexion |
| The word part cost/o refers to the | ribs |
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Desy91
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