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A & P Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Peripheral Somatosensory | senses associated with skin, muscles and joints |
| Special senses | taste, smell, vision, hearing and balance |
| Motor | Information flows away from CNS, toward muscles and glands. Also called Efferent or descending pathway |
| Interneurons | neurons that are only found within the CNS. Where information is passed from one part of the brain to another |
| PNS Neuroglia | Cells that protect and support nerve cells. |
| Myelin Sheath | Inner portion of neurolemmocyte. Insulates the axon |
| Nuclei | Clusters of somas in the CNS |
| Soma | nerve cell body |
| Dendrites | Short, numerous projections from the soma. Recievers of incoming chemical signals, convert them to electrical signals |
| Epyndymal Cells | Found around ventricles in brain. Produce cerebral spinal fluid |
| Oligodendrocytes | Wrap around axons in the CNS |
| Microglia | White blood cell that has left the blood stream and patrols the CNS for bacteria or viruses |
| Astrocytes | Prevent waste from getting in bloodstream. Cover blood vessels, form a blood brain barrier |
| Satellite Cells | located around the nerve cell body. Nourish the nerve cell |
| Neurofibril Nodes | Gaps between neurolemmocytes where axon is exposed |
| Neurilemma | thick, outer part of neuroglia. Where cytoplasm and organelles are. |
| Neurolemmocytes | Wrap around Axons and protect them |
| Ganglia | Clusters of somas in the PNS |
| Axon Hillock | where an axon meets a soma |
| Nerve impulses | Electrical signals |
| Collaterals | where an axon branches |
| Axon Terminals | numerous short branches at the end of an axon |
| Nerves | Bundles of axons all wrapped up and traveling together |
| Epineurium | Connective tissue that wraps around an entire nerve |
| Perineurium | surrounds small bundles of axons within a nerve |
| Fasicles | bundles of axons |
| Endoneurium | connective tissue that surrounds each individual axon |
| Synaptic Terminal | enlargements at the end of each axon terminal |
| Vesicles | hollow sacs that contain chemicals |
| Neurotransmitters | chemicals that fill each vesicle, used for communication from one nerve cell to another |
| Synapse | Gap or space where a nerve cell communicates with its target |
| Targets of nerve cells | Dendrites, muscles, and glands |
| Serotonin | Sleep, mood and hunger neurotransmitter |
| Dopamine | Euphoria neurotransmitter |
| Norepinephrine | Neurotransmitter that increases heart rate and level of alertness |
| Acetycholine | Neurotransmitter that controls skeletal muscle cells in PNS |
| Somatic | Voluntary nerves |
| Autonomic | Involuntary nerves we don't consciously control |
| Sympathetic Nervous System | dominant or active in an emergency. Controls fight or flight response |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | dominant when at rest or calm |
| PNS Sensory | Afferent or Ascending Pathway. Relays information to CNS |
| Somatosensory | All senses outside of the head |
| Visceral Somatosensory | Relays information from organs |
| Peripheral Nervous System | All nerves in the body besides brain and spinal cord |
Created by:
willowguns
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