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Chapter 15 Urinary.
Chapter 15 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| antiseptic | substance that tends to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms |
| arteriole | smallest branch of an artery |
| Bowmans capsule | cup shaped end of a renal tubule containing a glomerulus: glomerular capsule |
| cortex | outer layer of a body organ or structure |
| dialysate | solution that contains water and electrolytes that passes through the artificial kidney to remove excess fluids and wastes from the blood: bath |
| dialysis | process of removing waste products from the blood |
| dwell time | length of time the dialysis solution stays in the peritoneal cavity |
| fossa | hollow or depression end of a bone |
| glomerular filtrate | substances that filter out of the blood through the thin walls of the glomeruli |
| glomerulus | ball shaped collection of very tiny coiled and intertwined capillaries |
| hilum | depression, or pit, of an organ where the vessels and nerves enter |
| meatus | opening or tunnel through any part of the body |
| medulla | most internal part of a structure or organ |
| micturition | urination |
| nephrolith | kidney stone: renal calculus |
| peritoneum | specific serous membrane that covers the entire abdominal wall: the inner lining of the abdominal cavity |
| peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum |
| pyelitis | inflammation of the renal pelvis |
| renal calculus | nephrolith |
| renal pelvis | central collecting part of the kidney, narrows into the large upper end of the ureter |
| residual urine | urine that remains in the bladder after urination |
| toxic | poisonous |
| turbid | cloudy |
| uremia | presence of excessive amounts of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood: azotemia |
| ureter | one of a pair of tubes that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder |
| urethra | small tubular structure that drains urine from the bladder to the outside of the body |
| urinary incontinence | inability to control urination |
| urine | fluid released by the kidneys |
| albuminuria | presence in the urine of abnormally large quantities of protein |
| anuria | cessation (stopping) of urine production |
| bacteriuria | presence of bacteria in the urine |
| dysuria | painful urination |
| fatigue | state of exhaustion or loss of strength or endurance |
| frequency | number of repetitions of any phenomenon within a fixed period of time |
| glycosuria | abnormal presence of sugar in the urine |
| hematuria | abnormal presence of blood in the urine |
| ketonuira | excessive amounts of ketone bodies in the urine |
| malasie | vague feeling of bodily weakness or discomfort |
| nocturia | urination, especially excessive at night |
| oliguria | secretion of a diminished amount of urine |
| polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| polyuria | excretion of abnormally large amounts of urine |
| pyuria | presence of an excessive number of white blood cells in the urine; pus in the urine |
| urgency | feeling of the need to void urine immediately |
| cystits | inflammation of the urinary bladder |
| glomerulonephritis (acute) | inflammation of the glomerulus of the kidneys |
| hydronephrosis | distension of the pelvis and calyces of the kidney |
| polycystic kidney disease | hereditary disorder of the kidneys in which grapelike fluid-filled sacs or cysts replace normal kidney tissue |
| pyelonephritis (acute) | bacterial infection of the renal pelvis of the kidney |
| renal failure, chronic | progressively slow development of kidney failure occurring over a period of years |
| vesicoureteral reflux | abnormal backflow or urine from the bladder to the ureter |
| hemodialysis | process of removing excess fluids and toxins from the blood by continually shunting the patients blood from the body into a dialysis machine for filtering |
| catheterization | introduction of a catheter into a body cavity or organ to instill a substance or to remove a fluid |
| cystometrography | examination performed to evaluate bladder tone; measuring bladder pressure during filling and voiding |
| cystoscopy | process of viewing the interior of the bladder using a cystoscope |
| intravenous pyelogram | intravenous pyelography or excretory urogram; visualization of the entire urinary tract-kindneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra |
| KUB (kidneys, ureters, bladder) | x-ray of the lower abdomen that defines the size, shape and location of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
| retrograde pyelogram (RP) | radiographic procedure in which small caliber catheters are passed through a cystoscope into the ureters to visualize the ureters and the renal pelvis |
| urinalysis | physical, chemical, or microscopic examination of urine |
| 24 hour urine specimen | collection of all the urine excreted by the individual over a 24 hour period: composite urine specimen |
| voiding cystourethrography | x-ray visualization of the bladder and urethra during the voiding process |
| clean-catch specimen | collection is used to avoid contamination of the urine specimen from the microogranisms normally present on the external genitalia |
| first-voided specimen | collect the first voided specimen of the morning and to refrigerate it until it can be taken to the medical office or lab |
| random specimen | urine specimen that is collected at any time |
Created by:
asmaba08
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