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Mcat bio Hormones

Stack #84475

GlandHormoneTarget/Effect
hypothalamus Releasing and inhibiting factors anterior pituitary / modify activity
Anterior Pituitary Growth Hormone (GH) ­­­­­­increase bone & muscle growth/ increase cell turnover rate
Anterior Pituitary prolactin mammary gland/ milk production
Anterior Pituitary (tropic) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) thyroid/ increase synthesis & release of TH
Anterior Pituitary (tropic) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Increase growth & secretory activity of adrenal ctx
Anterior Pituitary (gonadotropic) Luteinizing Hormone (LH) ovary/ ovualation, testes/ testosterone synth.
Anterior Pituitary (gonadotropic) follicle-stimualting hormone (FSH) ovary/ follicle development, testes/ spermatogenesis
Posterior Pituitary Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH, Vasopressin) Kidney/ water retention
Posterior Pituitary oxytocin breast/ milk letdown, uterus/ contraction
thyroid Thyroid hormone (TH, Thyroxine) child: necessary for physcia & mental development; adult: increase metabolic rate & Temp.
thyroid C cells calcitonin bone, kidney, small intestine/ lowers serum [Ca^2+]
Parathyroids Parathyroid hormone (PTH) bone, kidney, small intestine/ raises serum [Ca^2+]
thymus thymosin (children only) T Cell development during childhood
adrenal medulla epinephrine sympathetic stress response (rapid)
adrenal cortex coritsol (glucocortiocoid) longer-term stress response, increase blood glc, increase protein catabolism, decrease inflammation & immunity
adrenal cortex aldosterone (mineralocortiocoid) kidney/ increase Na+ reabsorption to increase b.p.
adrenal cortex sex steroids not important, adrenal tumor can overproduce these, causing masculinization or feminization
endocrine pancreas (islets of Langerhans) insulin (beta cells secrete @ increase blood glc decrease blood glc/ increase glycogen and fat storage
endocrine pancreas (islets of Langerhans) glucagon increase blood glc, decrease glycogen & fat storage
endocrine pancreas (islets of Langerhans) somatostatin inhibits many digestive processes
testes testosterone male characterisitics, spermatogenesis
ovaries/placenta estrogen female characterisics, endometrial growth
ovaries/placenta progesterone endometrial secretion, pregancy
heart atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) kidney/ increase urination to decrease blood pressure
kidney erythropeitin (Epo) bone marrow/ increase RBC synthesis
Created by: ctemp2003
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