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S. Anat5
Integumentary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Consists of skin, accessory structure, and subcutaneous tissue | Integumentary System |
| Functions of Integumentary system | Protection, Storage, Insulations, Cooling |
| Skin has 2 layers | Dermis and Epidermis |
| Outer layer | Epidermis |
| Stratified Squamous | Epidermis |
| Keratinizing epithelium | Epidermis |
| Base layer | Stratum germinative |
| Area of continual production to replace skin cells that slough off | Stratum germinative |
| As cells get further away from the capillaries they___ | Die |
| Merkel cells touch____ | Receptors |
| Peptides synthesized by living keratinocytes and secreted during inflammation | Antimicrobial |
| Horny outter most layer | Stratum corneum |
| Stratum Corneum is | Waterproof |
| Like a plastic bag over the skin | Stratum Corneum |
| Stratum Corneum is a barrier to | Pathogens and most chemicals |
| Phagocytize foreign materials | Langerhans cell |
| Originate in bone marrow | Langerhans cell |
| Migrate to lymph nodes after ingesting pathogens and present it to lymphocytes | Langerhans cell |
| Produce melanin | Melanocytes |
| Makes skin, hair and eyes darker | Melanin |
| Increased melanin with UV light, protects from UV light by absorbing it | Melanin |
| Inner layer | Dermis |
| Collagen and elastin make it strong and elastic | Dermis |
| Uneven junction between dermis and epidermis | Papilary layer |
| Abundant blood supply | Papilary layer |
| Structures within the dermis | Papilary layer |
| Cover the entire body | Hair follicles |
| Within the dermis, but made of epidermal tissue | Hair follicle |
| Contains cells called the matrix | Hair root |
| Cells die and become the shaft | Hair root |
| _____muscle makes hair stand up | Smooth |
| Produces keratin for hardness | Nail root |
| Cells die to become the ____ | Nail |
| Protects the ends of digit | Nail |
| Provides info about the environment to the CNS | Receptors |
| More sensitive areas have more _____ | Receptors |
| Most receptors are in the ______ | Dermis |
| Merkel cells are in the ______ | Stratum germinative |
| Encapsulated nerve endings | Touch and pressure |
| Free nerve endings (not encapsulated) | Heat cold and pain |
| Within the skin, but made of epithelial tissue | Glands |
| Glands are within the _____ | Skin |
| Glands (3) | Sebaceous, Ceruminous, and Sweat glands |
| Ducts open into hair follicles | Sebaceous |
| Ducts that open directly onto skin surface | Sebaceous |
| Oily lipid | Sebum |
| Inhibits growth of bacteria | Sebum |
| Moisturizes, prevents breaks in the skin | Sebum |
| In dermis of ear canal | Ceruminous |
| Secreted to make ear waxx | Cerumen |
| Over production can cause pain and loss of hearing | Cerumen |
| Sweat glands (2) | Apocrine and Eccrine |
| Axilla and pubic areas | Apocrine gland |
| Most abundant on face and palm and sole of feet | Eccrine gland |
| Coiled tube that extends to the surface through duct (pore) | Eccrine gland |
| Importand in body temerature regulation | Eccrine gland |
| Secretion metabolized by bacteria which produce BO | Apocrine gland |
| Activity increased with emotional stress | Apocrine gland |
| Small arteries | Arterioles |
| Temperature regulation | Blood vessels |
| Increase blood flow to surface (flushing) | Vasodialation |
| Decrease blood flow to surface (going pale) | Vasoconstriction |
| Regulated by CNS and hormones as in “fight or flight” | Blood vessels |
| Connective tissue membrane | Subcutaneous tissue |
| Loose areolar tissue and adipose | Subcutaneous tissue |
| Subcutaneous tissue stores | Fat |
| Excretion of waste through sweat | Integumentary system |
| Vitamin D synthesis | Integumentarry system |
| UV light causes cholesterol to be changed into Vit D | Vitamin D synthesis |
| Important for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus | Vitamin D synthesis |
| The outter layer of the skin made of stratified Squamous keratinizing epitheliem | Epidermis |
| The inner layer of the skin, made of modified fibrous connective tissue | Dermis |
| Contains the accessory structures of the skin such as peceptors and sweat glands | Dermis |
| Made of areolar connectrive and adipose tissue | Subcutaneous tissue |
| Connects the dermis to the muscles and stores fat | Subcutaneous tissue |
| The cells that produce collagen and elastin | Fibroblasts |
| The protein that gives the dermis its strength | Collagen fibers |
| The protein that gives the dermis elasticity | Elastin fibers |
| Contains capillaries to nourish the stratum germinative | Papillary glands |
| Mitosis at the root produces the hair shaft | Hair follicle |
| Mitosis at the root produces the nail | Nail follicle |
| Produces a lipid substance called sebum | Sebaceous gland |
| Produce their secretion during exercise or in a warm environment | Eccrine sweat glands |
| Produces their secretion in times of stress or strong emotions | Apocrine sweat glands |
| Produce cerumen, or earwax | Ceruminous glands |
| Provide information about changes in the external environment | Receptors |
| The skin is painful but not blistered | First degree burn |
| The skin is painful and blistered | Second degree burn |
| The skin is charred and may not be painful at first | Third degree burn |
| ______ sweat glands, maintain normal body temp | Eccrine |
| Produced in follicles in the scalp | Hair |
| Covers the surface of the body | Skin |
| Tissue the connects the skin to the muscle | Subcutaneous |
| Protects living skin from UV rays | Melanin |
| Protects ends of fingers | Nail |
| Small arteries | Arterioles |
| Detect changes in the environment | Receptors |
| Waterproof protein of the epidermia | Keratin |
| Sunshine vitamin | Vitamin D |
| Produces melanin | Melanocytes |
| Stratum_______ produces new epidermal cells | Germinativum |
| Gland that secretes cerumen | Ceruminous |
| Decreases blood flow through arterioles | Vasoconstriction |
| Increases blood through arterioles | Vasodilation |
| Gland that secretes sebum | Sebaceous |
| Uneven junction of dermis with the epidermis | Papilary layer |
| Outer layer of skin | Epidermis |
| Inner layer of skin | Dermis |
| Stratum______ prevents entry of pathogens to the body | Corneum |
| ________ released casues vasoconstriction in skin redirects blood to more vital organs | Adrenaline |
| Prolonged pressure causes lack of blood supply and leads to tissue death | Decubitus ulcer (bed sore) |
| Functions of Subcutaneous tissue | Connects skin to muscle, provides immunity from WBC and mast cells |
| Mitosis constantly renews this layer, which forms a barrier between the body and external environment | Epidermis |
| Important in bone and muscle strength, insulin function, immunity, and cancer protection | Vitamin D synthesis |
Created by:
Sarsileigh
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