Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
AR Chap 13
Endocrine System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acromegaly | enlargement and elongation of the bones of the face, jaw, and extremities |
| adenohypophysis | anterior pituitary gland |
| adenopathy | any disease of a gland. characterized by enlargement |
| adrenocortical | pertaining to the cortex of the adrenal gland(s) |
| androgen | steriod, increases male characteristics |
| cortex | outer region of an organ |
| cretinism | congenital. characterized by dwarfism, slowed mental development, puffy facial features, dry skin, and large tongue |
| diabetes insipidus | metabolic disorder. extreme polydipsia and polyuria. due to deficiency in secretion of the antidiurectic hormone. |
| diabetes mellitus | disorder of the pancreas in which beta cells of the islets of Langerhans fail to produce an adequate amount of insulin. inability to appropriately metabolize charbohydrates, fats, and proteins. |
| endocrine gland | ductless gland. secreted directly into the bloodstream. |
| endocrinologist | physician who specializes in the medical practice of treating the diseases and disorders of the endocrine system |
| endocrinology | field of medicine of the endocrine system |
| estrogen | hormones that promotes the development of female secondary sex characteristics |
| euthyroid | normally functioning thyroid gland |
| exocrine gland | gland that opens onto the surface of the skin through ducts in the epithelium, such as an oil gland or sweat gland |
| exophthalmia | outward protrusion of the eyeballs |
| gigantism | excessive size and height, due to oversecretion. growth hormone. proportional overgrowth of the body's tissue due to the hypersecretion of the human growth hormone before puberty |
| glucagon | hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans, stimulates the liver to convert glycogen into glucose |
| glucogenesis | formation of glycogen from fatty acids and proteins instead of carbohydrates |
| glucose | simplest form of sugar in the body |
| glycogenesis | conversion of excess glucose into glycogen |
| glycosuria | presence of sugar in the urine |
| Graves' disease | hyperthyroidism |
| hypercalcemia | elevated blood calcium level |
| hyperglycemia | elevated blood surgar level |
| hypergonadism | excessive activity of the ovaries or testes |
| hyperinsulinism | excessive amount of insulin in the body |
| hyperkalemia | elevated blood potassium level |
| hypernatremia | elevated blood sodium level |
| hyperparathyroidism | hyperactivity of parathyroid glands |
| hyperpituitarism | overactivity of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
| hypocalcemia | less than normal blood calcium level |
| hypoglycemia | less than normal blood sugar level |
| hypokalemia | less than normal blood potassium level |
| hyponatremia | less than normal blood sodium level |
| insulin shock | shock due to extremely low blood sugar level caused by an overdose of insulin, decreased intake of food, or excessive exercise by a diabetic patient who is insulin dependent. severe hypoglycemia is a medical emergency |
| medulla | internal part of a sturcture or organ |
| metabolism | sum of all physical and chemical processes |
| myxedema | most severe form of hypothyroidism. characterized by puffiness of the hands and face; coarse, thickened edematous skin; an enlarged tongue; slow speech; loss of and dryness of the hair; sensitivity to cold; drowsiness; and mental apathy |
| oxytocin | hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland, stimulates the contractions of the uterus during childbirth and stimulates the release of milk from the breasts of lactating woment |
| polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| polyphagia | excessive eating |
| polyuria | large amounts of urine |
| progesterone | female hormone secreted by the ovaries, changes that occur in the endometrium in anticipation of a fertilized ovum, and for development of the maternal placenta |
| somatotropic hormone | secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. regulates normal body growth; also called the growth hormone. |
| syndrome | group of symptoms, indicative of a particular disease or abnormality |
| tetany | condition characterized by severe cramping and twitching of the muscles and sharp flexion of the wrist and ankle joints |
| thyroiditis | inflammation of the thyroid gland |
| virilism | development of masculine physical traits in the female (male secondary sex characteristics) |
| dwarfism | generalized growth retardation due to the deficiency of the human growth hormone |
| goiter (simple, nontoxic) | hyperplasia of the thyroid gland; deficient amount of iodine |
| Graves' disease (hyperthyroidism) | hypertrophy of the thyroid gland, excessive secretion of the thyroid hormone, causes an extremely high body metabolism thus creating multisystem changes. characteristics: hyperthyroidism, thyroid gland enlargement (goiter), exophthalmia(eye protrusion) |
| thyroiditis, chronic (Hashimoto's) | chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland |
| thyroid storm | acute, sometimes fatal, incident of overactivity of the thyroid; excessive secretion of thyroid hormone; characterized by critically high fever and pulse rate, dehydration, extreme irritability, and delirium; also known as thyrotoxicosis |
| Addison's disease | life-thratening disease due to failure of the adrenal cortex to secret adequate mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids resulting from an autoimmune process, a neoplasm, an infection, or hemorrahage in the gland |
| Cushing's syndrome | condition of the adrenal gland in which there is a cluster of symptoms occurring as a result of an excessive amount of cortisol or ACTH circulating in the blood |
| Type 1 (diabetes mellitus) | occurs before the age of 30, sudden onset. no pancreatic activity & requires administration of insulin injections |
| Type 2 (diabetes mellitus) | appears in adults after age of 40, gradual onset. some pancreatic activity but experience insulin resistance |
| diabetic retinopathy | disorder of the blood vessels of the retina of the eye; capillaries experience localized areas of bulging (microaneurysms), hemorrhages, leakage, and scarring |
| gestational diabets | women who are not diabetic before pregnancy develope diabetes during the pregnancy |
| pancreatic cancer | malignant neoplasm; found in the head of the pancreas |
| pancreatitis | acute or chronic destructive inflammatory condition of the pancreas |
| fasting blood sugar (FBS) | blood glucose sample taken usually early in the morning after the person has been without food or drink since midnight |
| glucose tolerance test (GTT) | test that evaluates the persons ability to tolerate a concentrated oral glucose; prior to glucose administration following with 30 minute, one hour, two hours, three hours |
| Hemoglobin A1C Test (HgbA1C) | hemoglobin A1C test; blood test that shows the average level of glucose in an individual's blood during the last 3 months |
| sermun glucose test | measure the amount of glucose in the blood at the time the sample was drawn |
| thyroid function test | test that measure the blood levels of the hormones T3, T4, and TSH |
| thyroid scan | examination that determines the position, size, shape, and physiological function of the thyroid gland through the use of radionuclear scanning |
| thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) blood test | a test that measures the concentration ot the TSH in the blood |
| glycogenolysis | breakdown of glycogen |
| hirsutism | excessive body hair in a male distribution pattern |
| adrenal cortex | aldosterone |
| adrenal medulla | adrenaline |
| anterior pituitary | luteinizing hormone |
| ovaries | estrogen |
| pancreas | insulin |
| posterior pituitary | oxytocin |
| thyroid | thyroxine |
| thymus | thymopoietin |
| pineal | melatonin |
| testes | testosterone |
| insulin | decrease blood glucose levels |
| ADH | regulates fluid/electrolyte balance |
| calcitonin | regulates the level of calcium in the blood |
| aldosterone | regulates fluid/electrolyte balance |
| catecholamine | increase blood glucose levels |
| glucagon | increases blood glucose levels |
| progesterone | promotes maturation of the ovum |
| somatotropin | regulates bone and muscle growth |
| luteinzing hormone | stimulates testosterone secretion |
| oxytocin | stimulates uterine contraction |
| testosterone | promotes sperm maturation |
| adrenaline | increase heart rate |
| prolactin | stimulates milk secretion |
| melatonin | may induce sleep |
| hydrocortisone | increases blood glucose levels |
| Conn's disease (primary aldosteronism) | condition characterized by excretion of excessive amounts of aldosterone. Headache, nocturia, fatigue, ventrical arrhythmais, tetany, and muscular weakness. |
| pheochromocytoma | vasular tumor of the adrenal medulla |
Created by:
maxphia32
Popular Anatomy sets