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Chp 15 ♥ ;
CHAPTER 15 ♥
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Antiseptic | a substance that tends to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. |
| Arteriole | The smallest branch of an artery. |
| Bowman's Capsule | the cup-shaped end of a renal tubule containing a glomerulus; also alled a glomerular capsule. |
| Cortex | the outer layer of a body organ or structure. |
| Cystoscope | an instrument used to view the interior of the bladder. |
| Dialysate | solution that passes through the kidney to remove excess fluids & wastes from the blood; also called "bath". |
| Dialysis | process of removing waste products from the blood when the kidneys are unable to do so. |
| Dwell Time | length of time the dialysis solution stays in the peritoneal cavity during peritoneal dialysis. |
| Fossa | hollow or depression, especially on the surface of the end of a bone. |
| Glomerular Filtrate | substances that filter out of the blood through the thin walls of the glomeruli. |
| Glomerulus | ball-shaped collection of very tiny coiled and intertwined capillaries, located in the cortex of the kidney. |
| Hilum | the depression, or pit, of an organ where the vessels and nerves enter. |
| Meatus | opening or tunnel through any part of the body. |
| Medulla | the most internal part of a structure or organ. |
| Micturition | the act of eliminating urine from the bladder; also called voiding or urination. |
| Nephrolith | kidney stone; renal calculus |
| Peritoneum | specific serous membrane that covers the entire abdominal wall of the body and is reflected over the contained viscera; the inner lining of the abdominal cavity |
| Peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum. |
| Pyelitis | inflammation of the renal pelvis. |
| Renal Pelvis | the central collecting part of the kidney that narrows into the large upper end of the ureter. |
| Residual Urine | urine that remains in the bladder after urination |
| Toxic | poisonous |
| Turbid | cloudy |
| Uremia | the presence of excessive amounts of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood; also called azotemia. |
| Ureter | one of a pair of tubes that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder. |
| Urethra | a small tubular structure that drains urine from the bladder to the outside of the body |
| Urinary Incontinence | inability to control urination. |
| Urine | fluid released by the kidneys, transported by the ureters, retained in the bladder, and eliminated through the urethra. |
| Albuminuria | presence in the urine of abnormally large quantities of protein, usually albumin. |
| Anuria | the stopping of urine production, or a urinary output of less than 100 ml per day. |
| Bacteriuria | presence of bacteria in the urine. |
| Dysuria | painful urination |
| Fatigue | a state of exhaustion. |
| Frequency | the number of repetitions of any phenomenon. |
| Glycosuria | presence of sugar in the urine |
| Hematuria | presence of blood in the urine |
| Ketonuria | presence of excessive amounts of ketone bodies in the urine. |
| Malaise | vague feeling of bodily weakness or discomfort, often marking the onset of disease or infection. |
| Nocturia | urination, especially excessive, at night |
| Oliguria | secretion of a diminished amount of urine in relation to the fluid intake; scanty urine output. |
| Polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| Polyuria | excessive urination |
| Pyuria | presence of an excessive number of white blood cells in the urine; pus in the urine. |
| Urgency | feeling the need to void urine immediately |
| Cystitis | inflammation of the urinary bladder |
| Glomerulonephritis | inflammation of the glomerulus of the kidneys |
| Hydronephrosis | distension of the pelvis and calyces of the kidney caused by urine that cannot flow past an obstruction in the ureter. |
| Polycystic Kidney Disease | hereditary disorder of the kidneys in which grapelike fluid-filled sacs or cysts replace normal kidney tissue |
| Pyelonephritis | bacterial infection of the renal pelvis of the kidney |
| Renal Failure | progressively slow development of kidney failure occurring over a period of years. |
| Vesicoureteral Reflux | abnormal backflow of urine from the bladder to the ureter. |
| Hemodialysis | process of removing excess fluids and toxins from the blood continually shunting the patient's blood from the body into a dialysis machine for filtering, and then returning the clean blood to the patient's bloodsteam. |
| Catheterization | the introduction of a catheter into a body cavity |
| Cystometrography | exam performed to evaluate bladder tone; measuring bladder pressure during filling and voiding. |
| Cystoscopy | process of viewing the interior of the bladder using a cystoscope |
| Intravenous Pyelogram | excretory urogram. provides visualization of the entire urinary tract: kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. |
| KUB | an x-ray of the lower abdomen that defines the size, shape, and location of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. |
| Retrograde Pyelogram | small-caliber catheters are passed through a cystoscope into the ureters to visualize the ureters and the renal pelvis. |
| Urinalysis | physical, chemical, or microscopic exam of urine |
| 24-hour Urine Specimen | collection of all of the urine excreted by the person over a 24hr period |
| Voiding Cystourethrogram | x-ray visualization of the bladder and urethra during the voiding process, after the bladder has been filled with a contrast material |
| Clean-Catch Specimen (Midstream Specimen) | used to avoid contamination of the urine specimen from the microorganisms normally present on the external genitalia. |
| First-Voided Specimen | first pee of the morning. |
| Random Specimen | urine specimen that is collected at any time. |
Created by:
kmariemurray
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